Modern arts and crafts presentation. Arts and Crafts
Natalia Orekhova
Presentation decorative - applied art
Municipal budgetary preschool educational institution Kindergarten № 8 "The Scarlet Flower" Project «»
caregiver:
Orekhova Natalya Mikhailovna
2015-2016
"The highest view art, the most talented, the most ingenious is the folk art, that is, what is imprinted by the people is preserved, what the people carried through the centuries. M. I. Kalinin.
Project relevance
Work on the upbringing and development of national feelings in children, a sense of pride in their ancestors, respect for the history and traditions of their native land, a sense of national identity.
Project characteristics
Cognitive - creative
long term (November - March)
Group
Members: educator, children, parents
Target:
Summarize children's knowledge about decorative and applied arts.
To develop in children a cognitive interest in Russian folk art. Summarize the results of the collective creative activity of children and parents. Teachers during the project implementation
Tasks:
Educational: To educate children in love for Russian applied arts. Cultivate love for folk art. Cultivate respect for work folk craftsmen. Cultivate aesthetic and ethical feelings. Cultivate curiosity; learn to work independently and creatively; Encourage parents to active work, to the problem of the formation of aesthetic and moral qualities in children.
Educational: Development of cognitive activity of children. Develop a sense of color, compositional skills. Develop attention, thinking, creative imagination, visual memory, ability to analyze.
Educational: To introduce children to folk crafts. Introduce children to decorative and applied arts - Dymkovo, Khokhloma, Gorodets, Gzhel painting. Arouse children's interest in folk art. Strengthen the ability to expressively read poetry, sing songs. Learn to understand the figurative meaning of riddles. Strengthen the ability to combine movement and speech. To teach to see the beauty and originality of Dymkovo, Khokhloma, Gorodets, Gzhel painting. To teach children to make patterns in an original way based on folk paintings. Learn to use plant elements. Teaching children to navigate various types painting. Learn to observe wildlife.
Planned results of the project
Children's knowledge of folk crafts, the ability to distinguish between their types;
positive dynamics of the formation of moral qualities, aesthetic perception, the degree of mastery of children decorative drawing;
enrichment of the subject-developing environment;
replenishment of didactic material for the section « Decorative and applied art» ;
increasing the interest of parents in solving the problems of aesthetic and moral education children
Stages of project implementation:
Stage 1. Preparatory. Teacher activity
Enter into a game situation.
Form a problem.
Define tasks. Define product project:Children activities
Get used to the game situation.
Recognize the problem.
Accept project tasks.
Stage 2. Organization of work on the project.
Teacher activity:
Helps in problem solving.
Helps to plan activities.
Organizes activities.
Advice for parents (folder - mover) on the topic: "The influence of folk crafts on aesthetic education children preschool age»; "Artistic and aesthetic education of children in the family".
Children activities:
Association in working groups.
Distribution of roles.
Stage 3. Practical activities.
Teacher activity:
Practical help.
Directs and supervises the implementation of the project. Activity children:
Use illustrations.
Craft work.
In the process of work, they share their impressions and help each other.
Stage 4. Presentation.
Teacher activity:
Preparing for project presentations"Russia is my homeland!".
Exhibition of children's works on the topic « Decorative arts» .
musical entertainment "Maslenitsa".Activity children:
Costumes are being prepared.
They talk about folk crafts.
They read poetry.
Guessing and guessing riddles.
They perform songs, ditties, dances.
They lead round dances.
They play folk music games.
Stage 5 The role of parents in the implementation of the project.
Reading and memorizing poetry.
Examining illustrations.
Selection of illustrations, information for the design of the album according to decorative and applied arts.
Making crafts.
Help parents in the manufacture of attributes for the holiday.
Ways of implementationArtistic and aesthetic developmentArtistic creativity
Coloring planar silhouettes paints: "Magic Horses", "Fairy Birds".
Drawing elements of Khokhloma painting, Gorodets, Gzhel, Dymkovo.
Chastushki.
cognitive development. FEMP.
Orientation on paper (drawing, application).
Orientation in space.
The ability to put parts together into a whole didactic game "Assemble the Whole".
cognitive development. FTsKM.
Targeted excursion into nature (consider grass, compare with grass in Khokhloma painting).
Conversations: "On a visit to the Gorodets masters", "Khokhloma", "Gzhel", "Dymkovo"
Fiction.
poetry reading: P. Sinyavsky "Khokhloma painting", V. Nabokov "Khokhloma".
Learning poetry.
Riddles.
Fundamentals of folk and decorative and applied art L. V. Orlova "Khokhloma painting".
Fundamentals of folk and decorative - applied arts Yu. G. Dorozhin "Gorodets painting".
Fundamentals of folk and decorative and applied arts. A. Mezhueva "Fairy Gzhel".
Speech development. The development of speech.
Activate Dictionary: floral ornament, curl, droplet, grass, element, leaves, dots, lines, cupavka, bud, rosan, chamomile, "Golden Khokhloma", Gzhel, Gorodets painting.
Socio - communicative development. Didactic games:
"Circle Element", "Trace and Color", "Assemble the Whole", "Trace the drawing", "Continue Drawing", "Find a Pair".
Physical development. Physical Culture.
Without children knowing the culture of the Motherland, the history of the development of folk craft, a full-fledged moral and patriotic education child. Folk art promotes the development of creativity, imagination, thinking in children.
The culture of Russia cannot be imagined without the folk art which reveals the original origins of the spiritual life of the Russian people, clearly demonstrates its moral, aesthetic values, artistic tastes and is part of its history.
Related publications:
"Decorative and applied art as a means of familiarizing children with folk culture" Introduction folk culture is one of important elements any nation, because it carries the experience of past generations, which has evolved.
At the thematic week on the theme "Introducing children to folk crafts". Carried out a productive activity
Antonina Nikolaevna Lysenko
Presentation "Decorative and applied art of Russia"
slide 1:"Decorative and applied art of Russia".
Slide 2:
Dymkovo painting.
From the high bank of the Vyatka River, on which the city of Kirov stands, one can see the settlement of Dymkovo beyond the river. In winter, when stoves are heated, in summer on cloudy days, when fog, the whole settlement - as if in smoke, in a haze. This toy was born here in ancient times.
Toys are molded from clay. Then chalk is diluted with milk and toys are whitened. And then it's time to paint them. The pattern is unusually simple: circles, straight and wavy stripes, cells, spots, dots. But the colors are bright, bright: crimson, red, green, yellow, orange, blue.
In the beginning there were whistles. Craftswomen sculpted them for the fair. From a small clay ball with holes, the whistle turned into a duck, then a cockerel, then into a horse. Many years have passed, and now they came up with the idea of sculpting other toys from clay: clay horses, turkeys, rams in panties, young ladies and gentlemen, outlandish deer, etc.
Slide 3:
Gzhel.
Gzhel is the most famous Russian folk ceramic craft.
The Moscow region of 30 villages, which is located 60 kilometers from Moscow, has been famous for its pottery since the 16th century.
The first documentary references to a settlement on the banks of the Gzhelka River were found among the letters of Ivan Kalita. The word “Gzhel” came from hoary antiquity, when a whole area with numerous villages of different names was called Ognel, Akzhel, Zhgel - putting a certain meaning into the names “Burn”, “Burn”.
Gzhel porcelain is vases, dishes in sets, serving items, table and interior decorations, sets, as well as various souvenirs.
The main elements of Gzhel painting are “wide and narrow strip”, “dot”, “wave”, “bush”, “petal”, “grid”, “leaf”.
Slide 4:
Gorodets painting.
On the banks of the Volga stands the glorious and ancient city of Gorodets.
The inhabitants of Gorodets and the surrounding villages were famous as skilled carpenters and wood carvers. Forests provided the material from which everything was made: from children's toys and cradles to ships.
Over time, the masters began to paint boxes, toys, dishes, furniture and even parts of the house - shutters, doors, gates.
Gorodets painting - how can we not know it.
Here and hot horses, valiant to become.
There are bouquets here that cannot be described.
Here such plots, what can not be said in a fairy tale.
Slide 5:
Khokhloma painting.
There once lived a miracle-master in the Nizhny Novgorod forests. He built a house on the bank of the river and began to make and paint wooden utensils. His patterned cups and spoons looked like gold. The fame of this dish reached Moscow and spread all over the world. And then the master gave the secret of the “golden dishes” to the inhabitants of the village of Khokhloma, and he himself disappeared ...
In the old days, people ate from wooden utensils. In the village of Khokhloma, skilled craftsmen made wooden utensils and painted them with beautiful paintings, and sent them to other cities. People liked this dishware for its brightness, festivity, and patterns. Cups, spoons, ladles were a great success. Later they began to make children's furniture.
Like the sorceress Firebird,
Doesn't go out of my mind
Wizard sorceress,
Golden Khokhloma!
Slide 6:
Vologda lace.
The ancient Russian city of Vologda, whose history began in the 12th century, can rightly be considered the keeper of the ancient traditions of the culture of the North. Vologda lace has earned well-deserved fame and wide recognition for its high artistry, decorative richness, and perfection of execution technique.
Vologda lace consists of a large, expressive pattern, filled with a dense, continuous, smooth linen cloth of the same width, clearly looming against the background of patterned lattices. The fabric is thick, often colored. In addition to motifs of flowers and leaves, motifs of horseshoes, combs, and fans are often found in the ornament.
Vologda is covered with white snows,
A blizzard spreads lace right under your feet.
Northern paints scatter sparks,
Snow sayings - lace fairy tales.
Slide 7:
Filimonov toy.
This toy was born in the Odoevsky district of the Tula region. And it got its name from the village of Filimonovo.
One of the legends says that the potter Filimon came to these places, discovered deposits of excellent clay and began to mold pots and toys from it. The place where he settled was called Filimonovo.
There is even a fairy tale about grandfather Filimon: the grandfather was walking along the road. He climbed from mountain to mountain, from hill to hill. He walked, he walked through dense forests, the sun shone brightly. It became hot, and then a stream. He sat down on a pebble, and then clay. He turned it over - in his hands - it turned out to be a bird, pierced holes - the bird sang. So since then the “clay business” has been conducted.
As a rule, men only made dishes, while women sculpted and painted toys. Toys or "amusements" cost a penny in the market, so it was necessary to make a lot of them. Women were assisted in their work by girls who were taught the craft from the age of 7-8. They worked in the winter in their free time from rural work.
Slide 8:
Polkhovsky Maidan.
POLKHOV-MAIDAN PAINT - production of painted turning products in the village of Polkhovsky Maidan, the village of Krutets and the village of Voznesenskoye, Nizhny Novgorod region.
The turning products of the masters of this craft - nesting dolls, Easter eggs, mushrooms, salt shakers, goblets, supplies - are generously decorated with juicy ornamental and plot painting. Among the picturesque motifs, flowers, birds, and animals are the most common.
When painting, clean bright colors, for example, blue, red, yellow, which, when mixed and superimposed on each other, give no less bright and beautiful red, green and purple colors. The painting is carried out according to a pre-made contour, which is applied with ink.
Slide 9:
Bogorodskaya toy.
Colorful wooden chickens on a stand, figurines of blacksmiths, a man and a bear - pull the bar, and they will knock with hammers on a small anvil ... Funny toys, known in Russia since time immemorial, have become the main folk craft for residents of the Bogorodskoye village near Moscow.
All toys are made from linden, which is dried for about four years. The wood is soft and easy to work with. After drying, the tree goes to the notch.
The blanks are marked according to the patterns and cut out with a Bogorodsk knife and a chisel. An experienced craftsman takes about 15 minutes to complete one piece.
Most of the craftsmen at the factory are women, despite the fact that the work is difficult, requiring endurance and constant physical effort. The next step is to assemble the toy. The most colorful and final stage is coloring.
The symbol of the trade is a man and a bear.
Slide 10:
Zhostovo painting.
The history of the Zhostovo craft dates back to the beginning of the 19th century, when in a number of villages and villages near Moscow (Zhostovo was one of them) workshops for the manufacture of painted papier-mâché lacquerware appeared. The emergence of the Zhostovo painted tray is associated with the name of the Vishnyakov brothers. The founding date is 1825. A little later, iron trays began to be painted. For the production of Zhostovo trays, thin roofing steel is used. After that, the trays are primed, sanded and covered several times with oil varnish, usually black, with each layer drying in the oven.
Then the masters paint the trays by hand with oil paints without the use of stencils and samples, relying on their imagination. The main motif of the painting is a floral bouquet of a simple composition, in which large garden and small wild flowers alternate. The painting is usually done on a black background (sometimes on red, blue, green, silver), and the master works on several trays at once. First, a sketch is made (the main silhouettes of the bouquet, then dressing: shadows are superimposed, light places are prescribed, dense strokes, highlights are applied, with thin lines - veins of leaves, stamens, and then large flowers are associated with smaller elements of the pattern with herbs, stems, etc. , lastly, the ornament located on the sides is applied (i.e. cleaning).After painting, the Zhostovo products are again coated three times with colorless varnish with drying in the oven and polished with a thin powder by hand to a mirror shine.
Slide 11:
Kargopol toy.
Kargopol is an ancient city in the Arkhangelsk region. Previously, it was a well-known large commercial and cultural center of the Russian North. From those times there were majestic temples and cathedrals. Now these are reserved places where the original Russian culture, art and crafts are still preserved.
The toys of the Kargopol masters are mostly single figurines, sometimes two or three characters, connected by a single plot and some simple action. They are a bit clumsy and heavy: strong peasant women, men, birds, horses. Like all peasants, Kargopol potters plowed the land, grew bread on it, kept livestock, and in free time sat down for Potter's wheel. They made dishes of different sizes, and toys made toys from their remains of clay. One of the favorite figures was the figure of a bear - the owner of the forest, a cheerful joker who knows how to play the harmonica.
AT Kargopol toy a lot of fabulous and mythological images: amazing animals, birds. One of the most interesting images- half-horse - half-man "Polkan". This is an image of kindness, a hero who helped people grow bread. Polkan's arms are strong, his chest is powerful, the sun is on his chest, his legs are fast, like a horse's.
The “push-pull” figurine consists of two horses – white and black. The horse is one of the most revered domestic animals among the peasants. The white horse is a messenger of light and warmth, the black horse personifies the dark side.
Slide 12:
To the subtlest shades of nature,
To the richest colors of the earth
Touched by the hands of the people
And found the secret of magic.
All the beauties of native spaces
The miracles of the masters hide.
In the bright music of Russian patterns
Popular talent flourishes!
Slide 13:
How much joy for the heart
How much joy for the eyes
Craftsmen grow up
Maybe among us.
You play my harmonica
You, friend, sing along,
Decorative and applied arts (from lat. deco
- I decorate) - a wide section of fine
art, which covers various branches
creative activity aimed at
creation of art products with utilitarian
and artistic features. Collective
term, conditionally combines two extensive genera
arts: decorative and applied. In contrast
from works of fine art,
intended for aesthetic enjoyment and
pertaining to pure art,
numerous manifestations of arts and crafts can have a practical
use in Everyday life.
History of the development of applied art
Decorative and applied arts existed already onearly stage of development of human society and throughout
for many centuries was the most important, and for a number of tribes and
nationalities the main area of artistic creativity.
The oldest works of arts and crafts
characterized by exceptional richness of images, attention
to the aesthetics of the material, to the rational construction of form,
accentuated by decor. In traditional folk art, this
the trend has continued to the present day.
With the beginning of the class stratification of society, more and more
importance acquires interest in the richness of the material and decor, in their
rarity and sophistication. Products that serve
purposes of representativeness (objects for cult rituals or
court ceremonies, for decorating the houses of the nobility), in which
in order to increase their emotional sound, the master often
sacrifice the everyday expediency of constructing a form.
Characteristics of arts and crafts:
have an aesthetic quality;designed for artistic
Effect;
serve to decorate the home and
interior.
Classification of branches of arts and crafts:
by material (metal, ceramic,textiles, wood);
according to the execution technique (carving,
painting, embroidery, print, casting,
chasing, intarsia, etc.);
according to functional features
use of an object (furniture,
toys).
Sewing - creating stitches and seams on the material
with the help of a needle and thread, fishing line, etc. Sewing is one
from the oldest production technologies,
originated in the Stone Age.
Flower making - making women's
fabric flower decorations
Patchwork (sewing from patchwork), patchwork
blanket - patchwork technique, patchwork
mosaic, textile mosaic - view
needlework, in which, according to the principle
mosaic is sewn together as a single piece of
pieces of fabric.
Quilting, quilting -
stitched through two pieces of fabric and
a layer of batting placed between them or
cotton wool.
Types of arts and crafts:
Embroidery is artdecorate with different patterns
all kinds of fabrics and materials,
from the roughest and densest, like,
for example: cloth, canvas, leather, up to
the finest materials - cambric,
muslin, gas, tulle, etc.
Tools and materials for
embroidery: needles, threads, hoops,
scissors.
Types of arts and crafts:
Knitting - processmanufacturing products from
continuous threads by
bending them into loops and
connecting loops to each other
friend with the help
simple tools
manually or on
special car.
Types of arts and crafts:
Artistic processingleather - leather production
various items like
domestic and decorative purposes.
Types of arts and crafts:
Weaving - the production of fabric onlooms, one of
ancient human crafts.
Types of arts and crafts:
Carpet weaving - productioncarpets.
Types of arts and crafts:
Burning - on the surface of anyorganic material with hot
needle is applied drawing.
Woodburning
Fabric burning
(guilloche) - technique
needlework, implying finishing
products with openwork lace and
making appliqués by burning
using a special apparatus.
For other materials
Hot stamping - technology
artistic labeling of products
hot stamping method.
Wood treatment with acids
Types of arts and crafts:
Artistic carving is one ofancient and widespread
types of material processing.
Stone carving - process
formation of the desired shape,
which is carried out
through drilling,
polishing, grinding,
sawing, engraving, etc.
Bone carving - view
arts and crafts
art.
wood carving
Types of arts and crafts:
Painting on porcelain, glassTypes of arts and crafts:
Mosaic - shapingimages through
layout, set and
anchoring on
multi-colored surfaces
stones, smalts,
ceramic tiles and
other materials.
Types of arts and crafts:
Stained glass - artworkdecorative arts
pictorial or
ornamental character from
colored glass for
through lighting and
to be filled
opening, most often a window, in
any architectural
construction.
Types of arts and crafts:
Decoupage - decorativetechnique for textiles, dishes,
furniture, etc.
consisting in
scrupulous cutting
paper pictures,
which are then glued
or attached to another
way to various
surfaces for
decoration.
Types of arts and crafts:
Modeling, sculpture,ceramic
floristry - giving
forms of plastic
material with hands
and support
tools.
Types of arts and crafts:
Weaving - a method of making more rigidstructures and materials from less durable
materials: threads, plant stems, fibers,
bark, twigs, roots and other similar soft
raw materials.
Bamboo - weaving from bamboo.
Birch bark - weaving from the upper bark of a birch.
Beading, beading - making jewelry,
artistic products from beads, in which, in
unlike other techniques where it is applied,
beads are not only decorative
element, but also constructive and technological.
Basket
Lace - decorative elements made of fabric and
thread.
Macrame is a knot weaving technique. Vine - the craft of making wickerwork from
vines: household utensils and containers of various
destination.
Mat - weaving flooring flooring from any
coarse material, matting, matting.
- Painting:
Gorodets painting - Russian folk
artistic craft. Bright, concise
painting (genre scenes, figurines of horses, roosters,
floral patterns), made with a free stroke with
white and black graphic stroke, decorated
spinning wheels, furniture, shutters, doors.
Polkhov-Maidan painting - production
painted turning products - nesting dolls,
Easter eggs, mushrooms, salt shakers, goblets, supplies -
lavishly decorated with rich ornamental and
plot painting. Among the picturesque motifs
the most common are flowers, birds, animals,
rural and urban landscapes.
Mezen painting on wood - a type of painting
household utensils - spinning wheels, ladles, boxes, brothers.
Zhostovo painting - folk craft
artistic painting of metal trays. Semyonov painting - production
wooden toys with painting.
Khokhloma - old Russian folk
a craft born in the 17th century in the area
Nizhny Novgorod
stained glass painting - hand painted on
glass, stained glass imitation.
Batik - hand painted on fabric with
using reserve compositions.
Cold batik- Technics
fabric painting uses
special reservation
cold composition.
Hot batik - the pattern is created with
using melted wax or
other similar substances.
Types of arts and crafts:
Scrapbooking - decorationphoto albums.
Types of arts and crafts:
Clay modeling, creating shapes andclay items.
Can be sculpted with
potter's wheel or
hands.
Arts and crafts This is the creation of highly artistic products by masters of folk art. Works of arts and crafts aesthetically enrich the life of a person, surprising with their beauty and craftsmanship. This is the creation of highly artistic products by masters of folk art. Works of arts and crafts aesthetically enrich the life of a person, surprising with their beauty and craftsmanship.
TYPES OF DECORATIVE AND APPLIED ARTS various materials(metal, wood, ceramics, glass, textiles, etc.) decorative and applied arts use casting, forging, chasing, engraving, carving, painting, inlay, embroidery, weaving, etc. When processing various materials (metal, wood, ceramics, glass, textiles, etc.), casting, forging, embossing, engraving, carving, painting, inlay, embroidery, weaving, etc. are used in decorative and applied arts.
Birch bark products The amazing properties of birch bark have long been considered indispensable in everyday life. Birch bark (the top layer of birch bark) was used to make dishes. Strength, flexibility, resistance to decay - these are the main qualities of this material. Slotted birch bark is used for decoration. The amazing properties of birch bark have long been considered indispensable in everyday life. Birch bark (the top layer of birch bark) was used to make dishes. Strength, flexibility, resistance to decay - these are the main qualities of this material. Slotted birch bark is used for decoration.
EMBROIDERY An ancient type of needlework associated with the creation of festive clothes, decorations, residential interiors, gifts, items for ritual ceremonies. There are such types of embroidery: smooth, cross-stitch, filet-guipure, etc. An old type of needlework associated with the creation of festive clothes, decorations, residential interiors, gifts, products for ritual ceremonies. There are such types of embroidery: satin stitch, cross, filet-guipure, etc.
Artistic handmade lace This is a patterned mesh "fabric", which is a work of arts and crafts. In Russia, lace-making existed already in the 18th century. Modern lace makers create wonderful works of amazing beauty.
Zhostovo painting of trays At the beginning of the 19th century, lacquer trays with flower painting appeared in the village of Zhostovo. In the original art of the masters, a realistic combination of the living form of flowers and fruits with decorative generalization, akin to Russian folk brush painting on chests, etc. At the beginning of the 19th century, lacquer trays with flower paintings appeared in the village of Zhostovo. In the original art of masters, a realistic combination of the living form of flowers and fruits with decorative generalization, akin to Russian folk brush painting on chests, etc. related to Russian folk brush painting on chests, etc. At the beginning of the 19th century, lacquer trays with flower art of masters appeared in the village of Zhostovo; a realistic combination of the living form of flowers and fruits with decorative generalization, related to Russian folk brush painting on chests, etc.
KHOKHLOMA "Flickering gold" - this is the name of Khokhloma products. They attract not only the beauty of the ornament. They are valued for their durable varnish coating, they can be used in everyday life. The painting got its name from the large trading village of Khokhloma, where fairs have been held for a long time and where masters of painting on wood brought their products. "Flickering gold" - this is the name of Khokhloma products. They attract not only the beauty of the ornament. They are valued for their durable varnish coating, they can be used in everyday life. The painting got its name from the large trading village of Khokhloma, where fairs have been held for a long time and where masters of painting on wood brought their products.
GZHEL Snow-white porcelain teapots, candlesticks, clocks, figurines of people and animals, decorated with blue painting, are called "Gzhel" after the small village of Gzhel near Moscow. Snow-white porcelain teapots, candlesticks, clocks, figurines of people and animals, decorated with blue painting, are called “Gzhel” after the small village of Gzhel near Moscow.
Every year the interest in arts and crafts and folk art grows. There are many reasons for this: it is also the rejection of impersonal and stereotyped things of machine production, expensive and sometimes inconvenient; and the desire to reveal their capabilities in creating practical, convenient and attractive products that a person needs in his life. CONCLUSION
1 slide
2 slide
“Work is good if it is useful and has a soul. Not that gold that is expensive and glitters, And that is expensive that is created by the hands of a master.
3 slide
4 slide
The Moscow region is rich in folk traditions, various folk crafts. The most famous among them is Zhostovo, whose glory was created by painted lacquer trays. . In Russia, the first lacquered metal trays were made in the Urals at the beginning of the 18th century. in Zhostovo, the production of iron trays was founded, which had an increased demand. Forged hardware primed, sanded, varnished, then painted with oil paints and varnished. “Zhostovo brushes” On a Zhostovo tray In the mirror surface of varnish Rye copper of ears, Steppe blush of poppy. Crimson late leaves. The forest snowdrop is the first... And the Zhostovo brushes are more tender than the light willow.
5 slide
Palekh painting is a lacquer miniature reflecting the life of the people, Russian epics, nature. In their works, masters create the beauty of their region. At the end of the 19th century, iconography was widespread. On its basis, a black-glazed miniature arose - these are lacquer boxes, furniture, utensils.
6 slide
Miracle with blue flowers, Blue petals, Blue flowers, Delicate curls. On white porcelain, Like on a snow-covered field, From under a white snowball. Blue flowers bloom. Really, really, you haven't heard of Gzhel? The village of Gzhel is located southeast of Moscow. Local historians associate the origin of this name with the word "burn", which is directly related to the craft - clay products were necessarily fired in a kiln at a high temperature. People of 40 professions take part in the manufacture of objects. Almost all operations are performed manually. Craftswomen paint products with great love, put a piece of their heart, kindness of soul into them.
7 slide
A variety of Gzhel, marvelous in beauty, painting on enamel, which originated at the end of the 18th century. In Rostov. In translation, enamel (Greek) is a light, shiny stone. Indeed, the snow-white plates of vitreous alloys, fired at a high temperature, are hard as a stone, and the painting on them shines preciously. The exposition of the Rostov Architectural Museum-Reserve presents the works of old masters: breast icons, icons, the so-called fragments - enamel inserts that decorated church utensils, here are the best products of modern craftsmen - women's jewelry with floral painting, miniature portraits and landscapes on tiny boxes.
8 slide
Eight wooden dolls, chubby and ruddy, in multi-colored sundresses, they come to visit us. Guess what's the name? They are known in all cities and villages - this is an original Russian souvenir for foreigners. The first matryoshka appeared almost 100 years ago. A toy craftsman (V. Zvezdochkin) from Sergiev Posad made a disassembled toy and painted it. The result was a Russian matryoshka prototype of Matryona (a name that was very common at that time). All matryoshka dolls are different from each other; today images of famous people are transferred to them.
9 slide
10 slide
Since ancient times, wooden products have been made and painted in the forest villages of the Trans-Volga region Novopokrovskoye, Kulichino, Semenovo, Khryashchi. And her name is Khokhloma. Wooden goods are being transported to the large trading village of Khokhloma. From there, firebirds scattered cups and spoons on the ground. Khokhloma painting painted various household utensils: dishes, spinning wheels, caskets. Khokhloma brush! Thanks a lot! Tell a fairy tale for the joy of life! You, like the soul of the people, are beautiful, You, like people, serve the Fatherland!
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Born 30 km from Khokhloma, Gorodets painting immediately found its way. Where Khokhloma did business with 4 colors, Gorodets colors blazed with the whole palette. Khokhloma paints were heated, exposed heat treatment. Gorodets painting is cold. And the drawing itself? Plots of "petty-bourgeois life". So the glory of the Uzol carvers and painters rolled over Russia from the spinning donets. After the revival of crafts, painting was transferred from spinning wheels to new forms: salt shakers, cutting boards, toys, children's furniture, etc.
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A special place in the art crafts of Central Russia is occupied by the manufacture of toys. Back in the 17th century. toys were made by art workshops at the Trinity-Sergius Lavra, where carvers, sculptors, joiners worked. Later, a handicraft industry for the manufacture of toys (horses. Troek, ladies) arose in this area. This center still retains its leading place in the production of such toys. Why is Dymkovo famous? With my toy. There is no smoky light in it, But there is love of people ...
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Ceramic toy is a traditional art of folk crafts. Until now, figured vessels, toys, ceramic dishes do in many cities and villages (Filimonovo, Torzhok, Sergiev Posad, etc.).