Description of the children's magazine Murzilka. The secret of the origin of Murzilka

Municipal Autonomous educational institution

"Secondary school No. 7"

city ​​of Solikamsk, Perm region

Children's magazine Murzilka.

Research project.

Fulfilled :

Kuznetsov Alexey

student 3 "B" class

MAOU secondary school №7

Work manager:

Shishkina Galina Anatolievna

teacher primary school

Solikamsk 2013

    Introduction…………………………………………………………...3-4

    Historical facts

General information about the Murzilka magazine…………………………..5

The history of the creation of the journal……………………………………….6-7

What did the magazine look like in the past……..……………………………8

What does the magazine look like now……………………...9-10

    Organization and conduct of the study …….……………...11-13

    Conclusion…………………………………………………………14

5.List of resources used.……………………………………...15

Introduction.

On lessons literary reading we get acquainted with the works of various writers and poets, as well as with their life and work. Books are the main source of information. Soon we will begin to consider the topic

"Children's magazine - Murzilka". I like to read magazines, but I have not yet met Murzilka magazine. I wanted to know more about him. To do this, I made a series of questions on the topic of interest to me:

What does a magazine look like?

What year is it published?

Who is Murzilka?

Why is he interesting?

I put in front of megoal :

    to find out - modern children read the magazine "Murzilka".

Tasks:

    learn how to use reference literature;

    master the skills of research work;

    find out - there is a magazine "Murzilka" in the libraries of our city and modern children read the magazine.

Research methods:

    study of literary sources;

    questioning students;

    conversation with librarians.

Significance of the work:

    teach students to take care of literary sources;

    to instill in them the skills of working with additional journalistic sources;

    expand knowledge of the magazine.

Expected results:

    learn the history of the journal;

    find out its significance for students;

    arouse interest in the magazine.

2. Historical facts.

General information about the magazine "Murzilka".

« Murzilka "popular children's

literary and art magazine. The magazine is published once a month with a circulation of 85,000 copies. It has been published since May 16, 1924 and is addressed to children from 6 to 12 years old. For 88 years of existence of the beloved children's magazine its release was never interrupted. In 2012, the magazine was listed in the Guinness Book of Records as "Murzilka" - a children's magazine with the longest publication period.

History of the journal .

Story Murzilkibegan in 1879, when the Canadian artist Palmer Cox created a series of drawings about brownies - these are the closest relatives of brownies, small men, about 90 centimeters tall, with brown unkempt hair and bright blue eyes (because of the brown color of their hair, they are called " brownie"). These creatures come at night and finish what the servants did not have time to do. They began a triumphal procession, first across America, and then around the world. They got to Russia thanks to the famous writer Anna Khvolson, who made a free translation of Cox's texts, giving the characters other names. Thus the name Murzilka was born.

In 1913, a book was published in Russia with drawings by Palmer Cox and Russian text from Anna Khvolson “The New Murzilka. Amazing adventures and wanderings of little forest men, where the main character was Murzilka.

E it was a boy in a black tailcoat, with a huge white flower in his buttonhole, in a silk top hat and long-nosed boots fashionable at that time. And in his hands he always had an elegant cane and a monocle. In the late 19th and early 20th centuries, these fairy tales were very popular. Murzilka himself, according to the plot of the tale, constantly got into some funny stories. But after 1917, everyone forgot about this hero. The next time Murzilka was remembered was in 1924, when a new children's magazine was created under Rabochaya Gazeta.

What the magazine looked like in the past.

AT past tense it was childish monthly magazine. It was designed for junior schoolchildren, pupils of senior groups of kindergartens. The main task of "Murzilka" was to educate children in the spirit of patriotism, camaraderie, respect for work. The magazine published stories, poems, fairy tales, essays and pictures about the work of people, the heroic past of the Motherland. In a lively, entertaining and accessible form, he told the children about the history of the country, work, nature, school life, etc.

Well-known figures of literature and art participated in the creation and work of the magazine. The best children's writers were published on the pages of Murzilka: , , , , , , , , , and others.

Murzilka was a red outbred puppy who accompanied his master, the boy Petka, everywhere. His friends also changed - now they were pioneers, Octobrists, as well as their parents.

What does the journal look like now?

O however, the puppy did not last long - he soon disappeared, and Petka subsequently descended from the pages of the magazine and in 1937, the famous artist Aminadav Kanevsky created a new image of Murzilka - a kind of fluffy yellow creature, which, having undergone some changes, has survived to this day. Since then, the symbol of the Murzilka children's edition has been a fluffy yellow character, wearing a red beret and scarf. And the kids really like it. Currently, the journal publishes works by contemporary children's writers, including foreign ones. The main difference between "Murzilka" is high-quality children's literature. Fairy tales, novellas, children's stories, plays, poems are printed here. Its main authors are modern talented writers, artists and classics of children's literature. Often the authors of the journal are the readers themselves.

Modern "Murzilka" - full color glossy edition, as before, full of interesting, informative materials on topics that attract not only young readers, but also their parents. With a variety of topics and an interesting presentation, the magazine strives to satisfy the ever-growing demands of its readers. Many materials are not only informational in nature, call for creativity, but also bring up useful skills. It also publishes materials that complement the program. elementary school, for example: the Russian language (“Walking with words”), the world around us (flora and fauna of the planet), labor (achievements of science and technology in headings), physical education

(“Champion”), OBZH (“School of Safety”), visual arts("Let's Go to the Museum", "Art Gallery").

Each issue of Murzilka has games, puzzles, puzzles, crossword puzzles, coloring books and several homemade designs.

There are topics that are not limited to publication in several issues, but continue for more long time. This is the Murzilka Art Gallery. "Gallery" acquaints with reproductions of paintings - masterpieces of domestic and world art, with the life and work of artists. Stories about them and reproductions of paintings are printed on the tabs, you can cut them out and collect your art collection.

Interesting not only for children, but for the whole family "Murzilka's advice", "Murzilka's Adventures", homemade products, contests, quizzes, which give not only interesting information, call for creativity, but also bring up useful skills.

3.Organization and conduct of the study.

Materials and equipment: questionnaire with questions for children, pen.

Our research was carried out in the Moscow Autonomous Educational Institution Secondary School No. 7, Solikamsk. By the method of questioning, in which children of 4a, 4b, 3a, 3b, 3c, 2a, 2c classes took part, we found out what modern children prefer to read and they read the Murzilka magazine.

The children were asked to answer the following questions:

    What magazines do you read? (Murzilka, other magazines)

We entered the results of the survey in Table 1.

Number of children

1 question

2 question

3 question

Yes

No

books

magazines

magazines and books

Murzilka

Other magazines

room 20

room 21

room 19

room 29

room 27

room 22

total

6 cells

140 hours

115 hours

25 hours

32 hours

69 hours

39 hours

19 o'clock

121 hours

Conclusion.

Based on the results of the survey, the following conclusions can be drawn: a total of 140 children were interviewed - primary school students, of which 115 people like to read, 25 people do not like to read. Mostly children read magazines - 69 people. Murzilka magazine is known and read by 19 people, the rest of the children prefer to read other magazines: Fidget, Spiderman, Gingerbread Man, Comics, Winx, Yeralash and others. Thus, modern children like to read magazines, Murzilka magazine is read by 19 people, which is 13.5% of the children surveyed. This suggests that Murzilka is an unpopular magazine among children.

There is a magazine Murzilka in the libraries of our city. Target: find out there is a magazine in the libraries of our city and the children take it for reading.

Materials and equipment: questions for librarians, pen, notepad.

Our study was conducted in the libraries of the city of Solikamsk: the library of the MAOU secondary school No. 7, the library of the MAOU secondary school No. 9, the Central Children's Library, the library of the Klestovka microdistrict. Using the survey method, we found out that there is a Murzilka magazine in the libraries of our city and children take it for reading.

We asked librarians next questions:

    Is there a Murzilka magazine in the library? (Not really)

    What year is it issued?

    Is he coming this year? (Not really)

    Do children take it for reading? (Not really)

We entered the results of the survey in table No. 2.

Koptyukhova

Larisa

Vasilevna

2000

often

MAOU secondary school №9

No

Central Children's Library

Marina Nikolaevna

1997

rarely

Library of the microdistrict Parkovy

Mareshkina Natalya Alexandrovna

2006

rarely

TOTAL

Conclusion:

Based on the results of the survey, the following conclusions can be drawn: the Murzilka magazine has been available in the libraries of our city since 1997, but this year 2013 the magazine is subscribed only to the Central Children's Library. Children are interested in the magazine, but rarely take it for reading. Thus, our research has confirmed that modern children rarely read Murzilka magazine or are not interested in it at all.

4. Conclusion.

In the course of my work, I acquired useful skills: I learned how to use reference literature, conduct research work, and analyze the results obtained. Studying the reference literature, I learned a lot of interesting facts about the Murzilka magazine.

During the research work, I was able to make sure that in our time there are children who do not like to read books, as well as educational magazines, which include the Murzilka magazine.

In modern times, it has become much easier to find the information you need using sources such as the Internet, television, but we must not forget that there are also books and magazines that are also important for gaining new knowledge.

With my work, I wanted to attract the attention of students and interest them in the magazine - Murzilka, which not only offers us interesting puzzles, puzzles, riddles, crafts, but also teaches us to learn about the world around us.

5.List of used resources.

Few people know that the magazine owes its existence to the Canadian artist and writer Palmer Cox. At the end of the 19th century, he published a cycle of poems about the small brownie people. And a little later, the Russian writer Anna Khvolson, inspired by the works of Cox, created her own series of stories, where the main character was Murzilka, a little man in a tailcoat and with a monocle.

In 1908, his popularity was quite large, and the editors of the Sincere Word publication began to publish an appendix - the newspaper Murzilki Journal.

In the twenties, this publication turned into an independent magazine, but the “bourgeois” image of the protagonist had to be abandoned. Murzilka has turned into an ordinary puppy with a good-natured smile, living with Petya and comprehending the world. He flew to hot-air balloon, traveled with pioneers, slept in the same cage with a polar bear, etc.

In the thirties, thanks to the artist Aminadav Kanevsky, Murzilka acquired the image in which he has survived to this day, although somewhat modified - a yellow puppy in a red beret, a striped scarf, with a postman's bag and a camera.

At the end of the thirties, Murzilka disappeared from the pages of the publication and appeared only in the war years in the form. The magazine called for help in military affairs, told about exploits and much more. When the war ended, the familiar yellow puppy returned again. At this time, S. Marshak, S. Mikhalkov, V. Bianchi, K. Paustovsky, M. Prishvin, E. Schwartz and others began to print on the pages of the publication.

During the thaw, the circulation of the magazine grew to crazy numbers - about five million copies were produced. Along with this, talented authors appeared - A. Barto, V. Dragunsky, Yu. Kazakov, A. Nekrasov, V. Astafiev and others. Following the sun, etc.
In the seventies, thematic issues devoted to rivers, fairy tales and other areas began to appear. Works by foreign authors also began to appear - Otfried Preusler, Donald Bissetga, Astrid Lindgren, Tove Jansson.

During perestroika, a competent editor, Tatyana Filippovna Androsenko, began to lead the magazines. It was thanks to her that the publication did not sink into obscurity. Circulation fell, printing houses refused to print it, but all these problems were solved. Even new authors began to appear.

At present, Murzilka is a modern glossy publication that has not departed from its traditions - the search for new young talented authors, high quality products, educational and entertaining materials for younger students.

I often come across the use of the word “Murzilka” in Internet jargon. Yes, and you probably heard it more than once with a modern meaning. What does it mean now? Offensive version of the word "virtual"? Please clarify in the comments...

In the meantime, we will talk about the history and origin of this word.

Story Murzilki began in 1879, when Canadian artist Palmer Cox created a series of drawings about brownies (Brownie) - these are the closest relatives of brownies, small men, about 90 centimeters tall, similar to little elves with brown unkempt hair and bright blue eyes (due to the brown color of their hair, they are called "brownies"). Their skin is predominantly fair, although brownie skin color depends on where they live and what they eat. These creatures come at night and finish what the servants did not have time to do. But this was only a test before the real creation of those images that will subsequently conquer the public. So in 1881, the same brownies appeared in the magazine Wide Awake, which began a triumphal procession, first across America, and then around the world.

In February 1883, Cox began publishing in the New York children's publication St. Nicholas" pictures from brownie, accompanying with poems about the adventures of heroes. And four years later, the first book "The Brownies, Their Book" was published, where a collection of stories about brownies was collected and which sold a million copies. In total, before his death in 1924, Palmer Cox created 15 original books about brownies.

By the way, as such, Cox's brownies did not have names - they were called by characteristic nicknames, such as Chinese, Sailor, Dandy, Jockey, Russian, Hindu, King, Student, Policeman, Canadian, etc.

For the first time, Murzilka and his friends appeared on the pages of the Sincere Word magazine in 1887 in the fairy tale "A boy is the size of a finger, a girl is the size of a fingernail." The author of this fairy tale was the famous writer Anna Borisovna Khvolson, and the illustrations were the drawings of the artist Palmer Cox.

The first edition of The Kingdom of the Little Ones, which included 27 stories and 182 drawings, was published in 1889, followed by reprints in 1898, 1902 and 1915.

In 1913, a book was published in Russia with drawings by Palmer Cox and Russian text from Anna Khvolson “The New Murzilka. Amazing adventures and wanderings of little forest men. Anna Khvolson made a free translation of Cox's texts, giving the characters other names: Maz-Peremaz, Dedko-Bearded, Znayka, Dunno, clever Skok, hunter Mick, Turntable, Chinese Chi-ka-chi, Indian Ski, Microbka, American John, etc. P. Well, actually Murzilka, on whose behalf the story was told.

And it turned out that Murzilka impossibly similar to the well-known to us Nosov Dunno. He is the same braggart, lazy and buzzer, because of his character he constantly gets into various troubles. However, these two heroes also have differences. Murzilka, for example, a real dandy. A tailcoat or a long coat, a top hat, boots with narrow toes, a cane and a monocle are indispensable components of his everyday costume.

So Dunno's predilection for provocatively bright tones in clothes would have been unpleasantly struck by the refined taste of Murzilka. But this difference is purely external. Although character Murzilki or, as his friends call him, “Empty Head” is quite similar to the character of his literary descendant, Dunno is written out in much more detail and volume. And if Khvolson's hero is deliberately caricatured and conditional, then Nosov's is a lively, charming and recognizable boy. Therefore, probably, over careless and boastful Murzilka readers only laugh, but Dunno often sympathize, sincerely pity and love him.

So, the name Murzilka was born in 1913. Two years later, Anna Khvelson releases an independent work called “The Kingdom of Babies. Adventures Murzilki and forest men ", which was illustrated by the works of the same Palmer Cox, but since it was not included in the official brownie bibliography, it can be considered a remake.
It was a boy in a black tailcoat, with a huge white flower in his buttonhole, in a silk top hat and long-nosed boots that were fashionable at that time .. And he always had an elegant cane and a monocle in his hands. In the late 19th and early 20th centuries, these fairy tales were very popular. Myself Murzilka, according to the plot of the fairy tale, he constantly got into some funny stories. But after the 1917 revolution, the book was no longer published, and everyone forgot about this hero.

next time about Murzilka remembered in 1924, when a new children's magazine was being created under Rabochaya Gazeta. Some of the founders remembered this name and it was adopted almost unanimously. But do not put it on the cover of a brownie! That's why Murzilka became a red outbred puppy who accompanied his master, the boy Petka, everywhere. His friends also changed - now they were pioneers, Octobrists, as well as their parents. However, the puppy did not last long - he soon disappeared, and Petka subsequently left the pages of the magazine.

It is traditionally believed that a certain fluffy yellow creature was born by the artist Aminadav Kanevsky at the request of the editors in 1937. However, back in the 1950s Murzilka was a little man wearing an acorn hat on his head instead of a beret. So he appeared in several cartoons, the last of which is “ Murzilka on satellite"- was established in 1960. It was this beret that later became an indispensable attribute of Murzilka, when he turned yellow and overgrown.

Soon other heroes began to appear in this magazine - evil sorceress Yabeda-Koryabeda, the talking cat Shunka, Soroka-Balabolka, Sportlendik and Ladybug. All these characters have become the leading main headings of the magazine - funny and entertaining stories, curiosity questions, sports page, stories about nature.

The best children's writers were published on the pages of Murzilka: Samuil Marshak, Korney Chukovsky, Sergei Mikhalkov, Boris Zakhoder, Agniya Barto. The smallest " Murzilka"instilled a love of learning with the help of bright pictures, interestingly beaten plots and perky rhymes.

In 1977 - 1983. the magazine published "A detective-mysterious story about Yabeda-Koryabeda and her 12 agents" (author and artist A. Semyonov) and its continuation. Often the magazine took on far from children's topics. For toddlers who have just learned to read, Murzilka”Talked about the conquest of space, the construction of the Dnieper Hydroelectric Power Station, the Olympics-80, and even interpreted the ideology of the party - “Octobers about the Communists.”

Magazine " Murzilka is still being published. It is listed in the Guinness Book of World Records as "the longest-running children's magazine".

Let's recall a few more answers to interesting questions: or here, as well as no less interesting The original article is on the website InfoGlaz.rf Link to the article from which this copy is made -

Agafurov Alfrid

This research work traces the entire history of the creation and origin of the main hero of the children's magazine - Murzilka.

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STATE EDUCATIONAL INSTITUTION OF THE OMSK REGION

"TARA SPECIAL (CORRECTIONAL) SCHOOL - BOARDING FOR CHILDREN - ORPHANS AND CHILDREN LEFT WITHOUT PARENTAL CARE WITH LIMITED HEALTH OPPORTUNITIES VIII TYPE"

WORK THEME

Completed by: Agafurov Alfrid,

7th grade student

Leader: Solovieva L.A.

Teacher

Tara - 2013

  1. Introduction - page 3
  2. Analysis of resultsquestioning the students of the class - page 4
  3. Murzilka in antiquity - page 6
  4. Palmer Cox- "Brownie"- page 7
  5. Anna Borisovna Khvolson- stories about little forest men - p. 8
  6. Murzilka - a small white dog with his owner - the boy Petya - p. 9
  7. Murzilka - little man - page 10
  8. Aminadav Kanevsky- image of a puppy- correspondentMurzilki - page 11
  9. Book Alexander Khvolson- Kingdom of the little ones. Adventures of Murzilka and the forest men "- p. 12
  10. "Murzilka" - magazine for children - p. 13
  11. Special headingsmagazine "Murzilka" - page. 14
  12. Guinness Book of Records– page 15
  13. Conclusions and offers - page 16
  14. Literature - page 17

Application questionnaire "Murzilka - who is he and where is he from?"

  1. Introduction.

From early childhood, every child has favorite toys and cartoon characters. Does the child know the history of the creation of these toys and cartoon characters? Where did they come from? Who invented them?

Purpose of the study– to prove the story of origin and creation on a specific hero.

Research objectives:

  1. To reveal the level of knowledge of children about the history of the origin and creation of a particular character.
  2. Trace the history of the origin and creation of a particular hero.
  3. Tell the story of the origin, creation, popularity of a particular hero.
  1. Analysis of the survey results

class students.

In our century, children have completely different cartoon characters and hence toys. And earlier there was the famous hero Murzilka, who was filmed in cartoons, wrote fairy tales and published a children's magazine.

The questionnaire method revealed how much they know the history of the origin and creation of Murzilka.

The students were asked to answer several questions. 24 students participated in the survey. The test results showed that most students do not know what animal Murzilka looks like, who created it and where it came from.

Summarizing the results obtained during testing are given in table 1.

Analysis of the results of the survey of students in the class

Question

Answer options

Number of selected answers

Do you know who Murzilka is?

A. Alien.

B. Fairy-tale hero.

B. Forest dweller.

C. I don't know

Do you know what animal Murzilka looks like?

A. For a puppy.

B. On Belchonka.

B. On a bear cub.

C. I don't know

Do you know who invented the hero Murzilka?

A. People's hero.

B. Foreign writer.

V. Soviet writer.

C. I don't know

Do you know where he came from?

A. From the forest.

B. From the moon.

V. From a fairy tale.

S. I don't know.

Do you know whose relative is Murzilka?

A. Dogs.

B. Santa Claus.

V. Bear.

S. I don't know.

Have you read Murzilka magazine?

A. Yes.

B. No.

What are your favorite sections in this magazine?

"Art Gallery"

"Red Book" "Let's talk heart to heart" "Travel and discovery".
  1. Murzilka in antiquity.

Who is Murzilka?This question is often asked by children. And they themselves answer who calls a chicken, a bear cub, a dog - who is closer to whom.

Murzilka - in ancient times they frightened naughty children.

This small and very vicious shaggy creature could sneak up on a naughty child and bite off his toes or do something worse.

The very word "murzilka" came from purring. So they said about a dog that gets angry and growls, baring its teeth.

  1. Palmer Cox- cycle of poems about the little people"Brownie".

In the end 19th centuryCanadianartist and writerPalmer Coxcame up with a cycle of poems with his own illustrations about the little people"Brownie".

These are the closest relatives of brownies, small men, about 90 centimeters tall, similar to small elves with brown unkempt hair and bright blue eyes (because of the brown color of their hair, they are called "brownies"). Their skin is predominantly fair, although brownie skin color depends on where they live and what they eat. These creatures come at night and finish what the servants did not have time to do.

  1. Anna Borisovna Khvolson- stories about little forest men

A little later, a Russian writerAnna Borisovna Khvolsonbased on Cox's drawings, she wrote stories about little forest men, where the main character was Murzilka (The writer came up with the names herself).It was a boy in a black tailcoat, with a huge white flower in his buttonhole, in a silk top hat and long-nosed boots, fashionable at that time. And in his hands, he always had an elegant cane and a monocle.

Anna Khvolson “Although the brothers loved Murzilka, they considered him a lazy person, which he really was. In addition, he loved to flaunt: he wore a long coat or tailcoat, a tall black hat, boots with narrow noses, a cane and a glass in his eye which he was very proud of, while others called him Empty Head."

Murzilka himself, according to the plot of the tale, constantly got into some funny stories.

  1. Murzilka - a small white dog with his owner - the boy Petya

Murzilka had several fateful changes in her life.

16th of May1924 in USSRThe first issue of the Murzilka magazine was published.

Now Murzilka was a small white dog and appeared together with his master - the boy Petya. Murzilka was a dependent character, dependent on his master.

  1. Murzilka - little man

However, back in the 1950s Murzilka was a little man wearing an acorn hat on his head instead of a beret. So he appeared in several cartoons, the last of which -"Murzilka on the satellite"- was established in 1960. It was this beret that later became an indispensable attribute of Murzilka.

  1. Aminadav Kanevsky- image of a puppy- correspondent Murzilki

AT 1937 painter Aminadav Kanevskycreated the image of a puppy that became famous in the USSRcorrespondentMurzilki is a yellow fluffy character in a red beret, with a scarf and a camera over his shoulder.

From the biography Murzilka knows that he is the grandson of Santa Claus and the snow woman. And as soon as he appears, the most incredible and amazing adventures immediately begin with him.

  1. Book Alexander Khvolson- Kingdom of the little ones. Adventures of Murzilka and the forest men.

AT 1993The publishing house "Quest" published a book under the authorship ofAlexander Khvolson - "Kingdom of the little ones. Adventures of Murzilka and the forest men.

In the XXI century "Murzilka" - a full-color glossy edition, a magazine for children. Wherein magazine still preserves traditions, collecting on its pages only the best examples modern Russian literature for children. Several headings about art, history of Russia, nature, entertaining, educational, developing tabs - make the new "Murzilka" meaningful and interesting.

Murzilka has had a lot of friends and they became the hosts of the main sections of the magazine - funny and entertaining stories, questions for curiosity, a sports page, stories about nature.

The best children's writers were published on the pages of Murzilka: Samuil Marshak, Korney Chukovsky, Sergei Mikhalkov, Boris Zakhoder, Agniya Barto.

Murzilka instills in her journal love for learning with the help of bright pictures, interestingly beaten plots and perky rhymes.

  1. Special headingsmagazine "Murzilka".

Jokes, riddles, fables, games are printed in Murzilka from issue to issue to this day, although in last years more often come up with The guys themselves are readers of the magazine, and our grown-up hero, Murzilka, now runs the letter department in the magazine, which is called the Murzilka Post Office.

Special headings magazine: “Murzilki Art Gallery”, “Murzilki Red Book”, “Let's Talk Heart to Heart”, “Travel and Discovery”.

  1. Guinness Book of Records.

AT 2011magazine "Murzilka" was brought in Guinness book of records.

It was recognized as the longest-running children's publication.

On May 16, 1924, the first issue of the Murzilka magazine was published in the Soviet Union, intended for younger children. school age- from 6 to 12 years old, which very quickly became a popular children's literary and artistic publication.

Murzilka traces its history back to 1879, when the Canadian artist and poet Palmer Cox created a cycle of poems with his illustrations about the little Brownie people - small people, relatives of brownies, with brown unkempt hair (for which were called "brownies"). Appearing for the first time in Wide Awake magazine, they began a triumphal procession, first across America, and then around the world. They got to Russia thanks to the famous writer Anna Khvolson, who made a free translation of Cox's texts, giving the characters other names. Thus the name Murzilka was born.

In 1913, Khvolson's book The New Murzilka. Amazing adventures and wanderings of little forest men, where the main character was Murzilka - a man in a tailcoat, with a cane and a monocle. These tales were very popular, but after the 1917 revolution, the book was no longer published, and everyone forgot about this hero.

Again, Murzilka was remembered in 1924, when a new children's magazine was created under Rabochaya Gazeta, and everyone liked this name. But do not put it on the cover of the Soviet magazine brownie! Therefore, a red outbred puppy became Murzilka, who accompanied his master, the boy Petka, everywhere. But such a Murzilka did not last long, and in 1937 a new Murzilka appeared - a kind of fluffy yellow creature, which, having undergone some changes, has survived to this day. Since then, the symbol of the Murzilka children's edition has been a fluffy yellow character, wearing a red beret and scarf. And the kids really like it.

AT Soviet time it was a children's monthly magazine of the Komsomol Central Committee and the Central Council of the All-Union Pioneer Organization. IN AND. Lenin. It was designed for Octobrists, younger schoolchildren, pupils of older groups of kindergartens. The main task of "Murzilka" was the communist education of children in the spirit of Soviet patriotism, respect for work, collectivism and camaraderie. The magazine published stories, poems, fairy tales, essays and pictures about the creative work of the Soviet people, the heroic past of the Motherland. In a lively, entertaining and accessible form, he told the children about the history of the USSR, work, nature, school life, October affairs, etc. Well-known figures of literature and art of the Soviet period participated in the creation and work of the magazine. The best children's writers were published on the pages of Murzilka: Samuil Marshak, Korney Chukovsky, Sergey Mikhalkov, Boris Zakhoder, Agniya Barto, Mikhail Prishvin, Konstantin Paustovsky, Elena Blaginina, Nikolai Nosov, Valentin Berestov, Yuri Korinets, Irina Tokmakova, Eduard Uspensky, Andrey Usachev, Marina Moskvina, Viktor Lunin, Leonid Yakhnin, Mikhail Yasnov and others.

The magazine "Murzilka" is still published. In 2011, it was listed in the Guinness Book of World Records as "the longest-running children's magazine". Over the long history of the existence of the beloved children's magazine, its release has never been interrupted.