Rationale for the use of waste for the production of biohumus. Sales of finished products


Even home-based business worth registering. It is enough to open the IP and indicate OKVED code 01.49- Breeding of other animals. The paperwork will take no more than $ 30-40.

Livestock purchase

An ordinary earthworm can also produce fertilizer, but for production scale and quick profits, the Californian (prospector worm) is better suited. It processes the earth faster, so the first portion of humus can be obtained in a week or two.

It is best to buy ringed ones on vermifarms. You need to buy a genetic unit: adult worms along with "young growth" and cocoons. Worms for the production of biohumus are purchased in foreign soil, and then transferred to a specially prepared substrate. The average cost of a "family" of 1500 individuals is $35-40.

Biohumus production technology

You will need to organize the work in several stages.

  • Soil preparation. The basis of vermicompost is chicken manure and rotted cow manure. Here we add a little lime and peat (based on 200 grams per kg of substrate), food waste, vegetable peelings, silage, hay.
  • Substrate in boxes. Before being introduced into the soil by miners, it should be “sustained” a little for 5-6 days. Every two or three days, the earth is mixed and moistened with warm water. Under the influence of fermentation processes, it heats up to 45-50 degrees, and then the temperature drops to the optimum: 25-30 degrees. Then you can populate the prepared trays.
  • Launching pets. So that the production of biohumus with your own hands does not stop at the very beginning, it is worth releasing a “trial batch” (50 pieces) into the prepared land. If during the day they feel normal, the rest are launched. On average, 700-1000 pieces are needed per cubic meter. You need to pour them not in one pile, but evenly distributing them over the tray. After that, the "house" is covered with a cloth to protect the "pets" from bright light.
  • Top dressing. Over the next few weeks, your "pets" feed, breed and actively process the soil.
  • Removal of humus. When the density of the soil settlement becomes too high, they will need to be planted, and then collect the vermicompost that has accumulated at the bottom of the tank.

Biohumus production equipment

The minimum set of equipment for work: breeding containers, a sieve (mesh diameter 4-6 mm), scales, a shovel, devices for measuring soil acidity and temperature. If you make "houses" with your own hands, the total cost of equipment will not exceed $ 300.

You can grow miners in a special pit on the street, but this is dangerous due to the penetration of ordinary worms, exposure to low temperatures and makes it difficult to collect humus. And the purchase or independent production of containers will allow you to do business all year round by adapting any room for this (garage, barn, storage room, etc.)

The biohumus box is usually wooden or plastic. You can make a wooden one from sheets of plywood 2.5-3 cm thick. Standard tank dimensions: 1x2x0.5 m. To prevent rodents from getting inside, the seams of the box should be strengthened with a tin flight. Holes are drilled in the bottom for collecting vermicelli, place the container on low bars at a slight slope to drain the liquid. Under the box we put a container-substrate with a solid bottom surface. The lid can also be made from a sheet of plywood with air holes.

Trays can be stacked on top of each other to save space. This is a great option on how to make biohumus in the country with minimal money and space. A small vermifarm needs a well-ventilated area of ​​​​14-15 square meters.

Can be adapted for breeding even carton boxes and an old refrigerator. They must also be installed at an angle. But the boxes will have to be changed frequently.

Caring for California Worms

A few content rules:

  1. The ideal temperature is within + 4 ... + 40 degrees. In other conditions, animals die;
  2. If miners are kept outside, in winter they must be moved indoors and covered with warm material;
  3. The moisture level of the compost should be 70-80%;
  4. In hot weather, the soil should be regularly watered with warm, settled water;
  5. Permissible acidity of the substrate: 7-8 points;
  6. To keep the necessary warmth and humidity, it is recommended to cover the boxes with straw. It lets air through and maintains the right conditions.

loosening

In order for the animals to “breathe” freely, loosen the compost 1-2 times a week. So in their "houses" there will be enough air. Loosening is carried out with a small spatula and very carefully, without damaging the "residents".

Feeding

The production of biohumus with the help of worms provides for the formation of the correct diet for "pets". This is almost any waste of your food activity: old tea leaves, peels and skins from vegetables and fruits (carrots, bananas, potatoes, apples, beets, etc.), moldy bread and buns, spoiled boiled vegetables and overcooked cooked cereals.


The top layer of compost is the miners' food. It should be updated every 10 days, applying top dressing with a layer of 5-6 centimeters. For the first month and a half, ringed ones adapt to a new habitat and eat little, then they adapt and begin to breed. The temperature is set to optimal level at +24…+25 degrees. During this period, increase top dressing. Regularly check how much nutrient substrate is left on the surface.

Collection of vermicompost

After about three to four months, the preparation of biohumus ends - the "residents" process all the nutrient soil in a container. Before sampling, they are forced to starve a little, and then they bring in a 5-7 cm layer of food on the surface of the earth. Hungry individuals gradually move into it. After a few days, this layer is removed along with the "residents". The procedure should be repeated 2-3 times in order to select the entire livestock together with the young, which have just emerged from the cocoons.

At the bottom of the “substrate” under the tray, liquid vermicay is collected, and the remaining contents of the container after the “pets” are evicted are sieved through a sieve, dried, and packaged.

There is a little trick on how to collect valuable fertilizer even easier. Initially, you will need an empty box with a solid bottom, in which you put another container with a perforated bottom and populate the livestock in it. When the soil in the second container is processed, place the next container with a slatted bottom in the second container with a good layer of top dressing. Hungry annelids will completely move upstairs within a week, and you will have ready-made humus.

A family of 1,500 individuals produces approximately 2 tons of humus in four months. And after so much time there will be many more of them. This will increase production volumes or sell "extra" for breeding or fishing.

Sales

Sell finished product Follows wholesale dealers or direct owners farms and land plots, flower farms. The average price of a ton is $170-190. The offspring should be offered to pet stores, fishermen, poultry farms, and organic fertilizer companies. One individual costs approximately $0.02.

Costs and profits

To organize the production of biohumus at home, you will need to invest up to $ 400 in a business. The costs pay off in the first year of operation. Having bought a family of 1,500 heads, it is realistic to produce 8-9 tons per year (earnings - about $ 1,500). Keeping the total number within 2,000 pieces, sell the rest. This will bring additional income in the amount of $100-150 per year. Total annual revenue - in the region of $ 1600, net profit – 1200 $.

If we consider the production of vermicompost as, then on a small scale it will be rather a simple part-time job. To receive from $ 500 per month, it is necessary to increase the livestock to at least 10,000 ringed ones.

  • Raw material base
  • Do I need permission to start production?
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The intensive agriculture that we see today leads to severe depletion of soils and reduces their content of vital organic matter. As a result of mechanical tillage, along with the harvest, a significant part of the organic substances in them is alienated, in turn, increasing the proportion of mineral substances. Soil mineralization occurs so intensively that the process becomes simply irreversible and the soil loses its fertile properties forever.

For this reason, agricultural enterprises and farms are forced to look for new ways to preserve soil fertility. And the best alternative to traditional types of fertilizers, in particular manure, is biohumus - a universal natural fertilizer that contains soil antibiotics, enzymes, vitamins and microelements, which are so necessary for all plants. Biohumus is very convenient to use, and most importantly, it is a cheap fertilizer. It is logical that the demand for biohumus will only grow in the near future...

There are a number of advantages of vermicompost over traditional types of fertilizers: - perfectly retains moisture in the soil; - significantly improves the quality of vegetables and fruits; — increases the yield of plants and prolongs the flowering period; - does not contain pathogenic microorganisms (unlike manure); - reduces the percentage of diseases of plants. At the same time, one of the main advantages of biohumus as a fertilizer is low price. To achieve the same effect with traditional agrochemical methods, the farmer will need a tangible investment. The use of vermicompost is designed to reduce these costs several times. Biohumus as a fertilizer can be used everywhere: in gardens, vegetable gardens, for feeding ornamental plants, in farms and industrial scales. Convenient packaging of vermicompost (in bags) allows you to purchase fertilizer, both for private and commercial purposes. The shelf life of biohumus is not limited! Biohumus is applied in the spring before planting in doses of 3-5 tons per 1 ha. The increase in yield is: for grain crops up to 15 centners per hectare, for potatoes up to 60-80 centners per hectare, for vegetables up to 70% increase per hectare. If you increase the dose of vermicompost, you can achieve even greater yields. At the same time, it is impossible to overfeed the soil with biohumus! It is known that in United Arab Emirates, where there is nothing but sand, thanks to biohumus, up to three or more crops of environmentally friendly products are harvested. Thus, this country is not an importer, but an exporter of fruits and vegetables.

How much can you earn in the production of biohumus

You can make money on the production of biohumus in two ways. The first direction is the actual processing of organic matter and the sale of ready-made vermicompost. The wholesale price of vermicompost by region ranges from 7,000 to 10,000 rubles per ton. The cost of production, according to economists, is no more than 3,500 rubles (costs for heat, electricity, wages of workers, raw materials). Thus, we get profit from one ton from 3500 - 6500 rubles. The second source of income is the sale of the California worm. The main customers are fishing shops and small wholesalers. The calculation is something like this: a box of 50 worms at the wholesale price costs 30-40 rubles. From one ton of organic matter per month, you can get up to 10 thousand worms. Hence, the additional monthly income will be 6000 - 8000 rubles per ton.

Step-by-step plan for opening biohumus production

To start a business for the production of vermicompost, three components are needed: a room, a raw material base (organic fertilizers) and a Californian worm - the same magical organism that turns ordinary “manure” into a super-useful fertilizer called Biohumus. To reduce risks and start at minimal cost, you can use the basement of a private house or an ordinary barn as a breeding room for breeding stock. The main thing is that the room is heated so that the worm does not freeze in winter. Recommended course of action for beginners: 1. Acquire breeding stock of California worm. There are many ads on the Internet for the sale of a worm, the average price is 1000 rubles for 2000 worms. 2. During the year, in a warm room, increase this population by 200 times, that is, get 400,000 worms. This is quite realistic if you observe the optimal temperature, humidity, acidity and good food. California worms are hermaphrodites and reproduce at such a rate that they double their population every month. 3. Then in the summer, plant the grown worm in the prepared heap of organic matter - the process of obtaining Biohumus has been started!

Biohumus production technology

A common design for biohumus production is shallow trays lined with brick (or other material) with a side height of up to 30 cm. A mixture consisting of fermented manure, earth and straw cutting is placed in the trays. You can add a little lime flour to ensure the acidity of the medium in the range of 6.5-7.5 pH. The substrate is moistened to an optimum moisture content of 80%. Then, Californian worms are placed in trays with a substrate based on a density of 3-5 thousand individuals per 1 m2. The ideal temperature for keeping worms: from +25 to +30 degrees. To maintain the humidity at the proper level, the contents of the trays are periodically watered, and the trays themselves are covered with a breathable material. The full cycle of organic matter processing and the transformation of the substrate into biohumus takes 5 months. By this time, the worm population has increased five to ten times. To speed up the reproduction process of vermiculture, it is recommended to separate adult worms from the substrate every 2 months. Thus, for the processing of 5 tons of manure within 5 months, about 50 thousand individuals of the worm will be required. The output of biohumus from the total mass of the substrate will be about 50%.

Realities of "business" and pitfalls

With the organization of the production itself, a number of problems may arise, which at first glance seem to be trifles. First, this land plot. Since organic waste is the main raw material in production, it will not work to place an enterprise near the housing stock. The sanitary zone is at least 300 meters, but this is the minimum. In general, it is recommended to organize the production of vermicompost on the outskirts of settlements in order to avoid any complaints from residents. The second issue is the transportation and storage of semi-liquid organic fertilizers. How and with what you will deliver semi-liquid manure from farms, how to remove solids, how to store manure, how to decontaminate and how to unload it from manure storage. In most cases manure will be delivered on tractor trailers universal value. But keep in mind that the losses with this method of delivery are very large. The third question is the packaging of biohumus. It is good if you have several regular large customers to whom you will sell large quantities of fertilizer. But in most cases, you will be forced to look for ways to sell vermicompost in small batches. Your customers are farms, small wholesale dealers, specialist shops, plant nurseries and flower pavilions. It will not be possible to sell vermicompost "in bulk" to these customers - appropriate packaging is required. Most often, biohumus is packed in plastic bags of 1, 5, 10 and 20 kg. To do this, you will have to purchase the appropriate packaging equipment, which will result in additional costs at the start.

Raw material base

And finally, the fourth question is the availability of the same raw material base. Where will organics be supplied from, if in your outskirts livestock farms? It is best if these are cattle breeding enterprises. It is logical to assume that if there is not a single such enterprise within a radius of at least 50 km, opening a biohumus production business is a pure gamble.

A step-by-step plan for starting a vermicompost business

  1. Sales market analysis.
  2. Drawing up a business plan
  3. Tank equipment with optimal conditions for growing worms.
  4. Preparation of a heated facility for breeding worms.
  5. Acquisition of rotted cattle manure.
  6. Preparation of rotten leaves, hay, silage.
  7. Acquisition of worms (California or Vladimir).
  8. Settlement of worms in prepared manure.

How much money do you need to start a business

To start a business you will need:

  • Biohumus packaging equipment - about 100 thousand rubles.
  • Purchase of raw materials - 50 thousand rubles.
  • Preparation of the premises, installation of a heating system - 50 thousand rubles.
  • Other expenses - 10 thousand rubles.

Initial costs can be reduced to 100-120 thousand rubles, using a used line or increasing volumes gradually. It is advisable to open a vermicompost production business for farmers, where there is an opportunity to save on raw materials.

What OKVED to indicate when registering

  • 15 - production of fertilizers and nitrogen compounds.

What documents are needed to register a business

To register a business, you must register as an individual entrepreneur, open a bank account for cashless payments. You can apply for an IP at the tax office at the place of registration of the applicant, providing:

  • Application in the prescribed form;
  • A photocopy of the passport;
  • Receipt of payment of state duty.

Which taxation system to choose when registering

A simplified taxation system is the best way to open a business for the production of vermicompost.

Everyone wants to eat organic vegetables and fruits. It is no secret that on an industrial scale the fields are cultivated mineral fertilizers and pesticides, reducing crop quality. More and more people want to grow products based on biohumus - an organic fertilizer with unique properties. Therefore, the production of fertilizers as a business is very promising idea for any entrepreneur.

Business features

It is most convenient to start a business selling organic fertilizers to those who have their own farm and breed animals, for example, cattle. In this case, there will be significant savings on raw materials: there is an abundance of manure on such a farm. It remains to start the production of organic fertilizer with the help of worms. It is recommended to buy red Californian - their lifespan is 4 times longer than their rain counterparts, and they multiply faster.

Market and demand analysis

In the Russian Federation, humus is in significant demand, due to the constant decline in the harvest, as well as against the backdrop of sanctions that caused an increased pace of development of their own agriculture. Therefore, for 2018, the production of biohumus as a business - great idea. There will be plenty of those wishing to fertilize the land, which also speaks of serious competition. However, the implementation of organic humus is distinguished by good profitability: among the customers there will be not only farmers or individuals, but also specialized stores.

Biohumus production: business plan

Getting the fertilizer production up and running will require careful planning. There shouldn't be any particular difficulty. technological process pretty simple. So, to get biohumus, a novice businessman will need:

  1. Premises (necessarily with heating).
  2. Worms (earth or Californian).
  3. Established supply of compost, manure.
  4. Storage area for finished products.

Thus, a manure business does not require significant financial costs at the start, if we are not talking about large scales. You need to take care of the compost: rotten leaves, droppings (cow, rabbit), sawdust or food waste will do. Compost is the basis of future humus. If a own economy no, you can negotiate the supply of fertilizers with residents of villages and villages. As a room, a barn or a summer cottage with a building is suitable. Heating is necessary for the accelerated reproduction of worms.

Of the equipment for the production of organic fertilizers, you will need to buy a mechanical sieve, composters, as well as scales and a device for packing finished products into bags. You will also need various working equipment: devices that measure the temperature and acidity of the soil, carts, shovels, and more. The approximate cost of all equipment is 180-200 thousand rubles (depending on the design).

Instructions for opening a fertilizer production

After the business plan for the production of vermicompost is drawn up, you can get to work. To begin with, a substrate is prepared and a batch of worms is purchased with a calculation of 5 thousand per 1 sq. meter (genetic population of at least 1500 individuals). In a prepared place for biohumus, boxes are placed or compost heaps are created. The production technology consists of 4 stages:

  1. Creation of a nutrient substrate. Use manure or bird droppings. achieve best quality Vermicompost can be made by mixing together peat, leaves and food scraps.
  2. Placement of worms. On the this stage you need to be careful. Depending on the type of worms, they need 1500-5000 pieces per 1 sq. meter with a uniform distribution over the surface. Worms do not like light, so a box or a pile should be covered with a dark material that does not allow air to pass through.
  3. Top dressing. Worms are highly sensitive to temperature and humidity, so the soil should be watered and loosened periodically. The water temperature should be +20 ... +24 degrees Celsius.
  4. Collection of humus and worms. Starts from the moment when the density of inhabitants in a box or piles becomes higher than the limit. To lure the worms out, they are left hungry for a couple of days and then covered in the top layer as bait. After 2-3 days, the worms are removed along with the layer. The biohumus is dried, and its packaging begins.

Advice! As packaging, special bags or packages are suitable. The first weighing 20–100 kg for wholesale buyers, and 3–10 kg bags are suitable for gardeners and summer residents. It remains only to find a distribution channel for finished products.

Acquisition of a colony of worms

As mentioned above in the article, there are two main types for breeding in the Russian Federation: ordinary earthworms and Californian. The latter are more efficient in terms of reproduction, but are more expensive. It is better to order a population of worms through trusted stores and online resources with a reputation. A batch of 100 thousand worms will cost a novice entrepreneur 20-25 thousand rubles. You need to choose a place for their habitat with special care: worms are a delicacy for rodents such as moles, mice and rats. Humidity and temperature conditions are also important - their observance will ensure the effective reproduction of the population and increase the survivability of individuals.

Sales of finished products

Now we should move on to the main question: selling fertilizers as a business, is it profitable at all? The real picture shows that hundreds of farmers and thousands of gardeners in the Russian Federation are ready to purchase vermicompost. The average cost in Moscow is about 25 rubles per kilogram. In regions it is less - from 10 rubles/kg. The main directions for the sale of products:

  • summer residents, farmers and flower growers;
  • owners of hardware and garden shops;
  • large supermarkets.

Also, do not forget about the worms: they will be happy to buy the owners of fish and pet stores. Realization is possible both wholesale and retail. Be sure to pay attention to such a thing as packaging. Convenient and well-packaged goods will sell better.

Interesting! Rabbit droppings are an excellent breeding ground for worms.

Financial questions

If you plan to open a biohumus business on a large scale, you will have to invest a lot of money at the initial stage. Main directions:

  • land and premises;
  • repair work and rebuilding;
  • heating and water supply systems;
  • arrangement of transport routes;
  • purchase of manure and its delivery;
  • purchase of a batch of worms;
  • purchase of the necessary equipment;
  • wages and public utilities;
  • equipment.

High profitability in the early years should not be expected. In the manufacture of 300-400 tons of humus annually, you can count on a profit from sales in the amount of 3-4 million rubles (at a cost of 10 rubles per kilogram).

Business realities and pitfalls

At the initial stage this business a clear market analysis should be carried out, an assessment of the demand for food, and a business plan should be drawn up. This will help to really see the economic picture as a whole and save a novice entrepreneur from unnecessary expenses. It is worth paying attention to the place of storage of finished products and methods of its transportation: for example, semi-liquid humus requires the use of a tractor trailer. You will also need to invest in packaging. It is possible to achieve a profitability of 100–150%, but clear planning and logistics in production will be required.

The most difficult thing is to convince the consumer that biohumus will better than any chemistry and the land restored by him in the future will require significantly less mineral replenishment. A farmer or greenhouse manager must be sure that he simply needs organic fertilizer.

Note! Water-based humus extracts are extremely effective in home production. They are used to feed plants and reduce the risk of disease and pest damage.

Summing up

By various estimates experts, the business of selling fertilizer with worms is a very profitable and effective direction. However, it should be noted right away that this will take some time. According to rough estimates, 2-3 years minimum to reach a permanent profit. The key to success will be a clear planning of this business. Main advantages:

  1. High demand for products.
  2. Clear and simple production technology.
  3. Good profitability.
  4. Wide range of consumers.

It is worth working hard to find a reliable supplier of raw materials, worms, and also to find a good place for storage facilities. We will have to constantly look for new buyers, especially wholesale ones. You can succeed only if you work in a complex way: sell not only the fertilizer itself, but also the worms. In general, the business of selling fertilizers is quite profitable, subject to clear planning, solid financial investments at the start and well-coordinated work of the team of employees.

AT agriculture use unhealthy fertilizers. But there is also an environmentally friendly alternative. Even at home, you can open the production of biohumus as a business. Technology, profitability, advantages of producing natural plant nutrition over chemicals are presented in a detailed business plan.

Fertilizers - means to increase productivity and reduce diseases of crops. However, pesticides, herbicides and nitrates from the soil end up in food and then into the human body. It is much safer to use organic vermicompost, which has the parameters of chemical fertilizers, but does not harm health.

Production process

Biohumus is also called vermicompost or worm compost because of the original production technology involving worms. Raw materials are fed to worms, and fertilizer is obtained at the output.

As a raw material, a rotten mixture of waste products from cattle, small animals or birds is used. To increase the nutritional properties, leaves, food waste, sawdust, lime and peat are added.

The resulting substrate is placed in wooden boxes or special containers with sides of 25-30 cm and covered with a layer of hay. For several days, the compost is watered and stirred so that it ripens. Then the worms are poured over the raw material in an even layer and covered with a dense opaque material so that the temperature inside is maintained and no light enters.

Due to the fact that the worms are engaged in vermicultivation, they are called technological. In fact, these are earthworms of the Californian or Vladimir variety. For processing 1 sq. m. humus requires 1500-3000 individuals.

The process of processing the substrate into biohumus lasts 4-5 months. During this time, you need to take care of the beds and maintain the microclimate:

  1. Carefully loosen the earth when it is caking.
  2. Apply nutrients three times a month.
  3. Water with warm settled water to maintain humidity at 70%.
  4. Maintain a temperature not lower than 19°C and not higher than 30°C.

Advice from experienced manufacturers: before populating thousands of worms in boxes, you need to test the quality of the nutrient medium on ten to twenty individuals.

Worms not only process the substrate into fertilizer, but also multiply. The definition of growth occurs in this way: 10 square meters are collected from the box. see the land and the number of worms in it is calculated, the resulting figure is multiplied by 100. Biohumus is selected when the vermiculture population exceeds the standard values.

The collection is carried out in two ways:

  • Sift the whole mass through a sieve.
  • A little fresh humus is poured into the box and the worms go upstairs in search of food. The procedure is repeated several times, each time removing a layer of earth. The remaining mass is biohumus.

About 5 kg of fertilizer are obtained from 10 kg of substrate, and the number of worms increases by 5-10 times. The surplus of the population is sold to fishermen or entrepreneurs starting humus production.

Business plan

To launch the project, you need to draw up a business plan for the production of vermicompost:

  1. Organization of a site for a farm.
  2. Procurement of equipment, tools and materials.
  3. Acquisition of raw materials and worms.
  4. Business registration.
  5. Sales organization.
  6. Economic calculations.

Playground

Biohumus production as a business is opened in several ways:

  • On the basis of an already existing agricultural direction, for example,.
  • Launched as a separate project.

In the first case, you will need to allocate a barn, an empty barn, or even part of the basement. In the second, you will have to rent a territory, preferably not far from a poultry farm or a livestock breeding farm. For the production of trial small batches of fertilizer, an entrepreneur can start production at home.

Depending on the planned scale of production, it is necessary to equip an area of ​​up to 80 square meters. m. to accommodate beds, packaging equipment, a warehouse for finished products. Experts believe that the average annual production of vermicompost on a site of 1 sq. m. is 300 kg.

For supporting necessary conditions and microclimate, the farm premises must be equipped with heating, ventilation, plumbing, electricity. To minimize heat loss in winter period, you need to fill the floors with concrete, caulk all the holes in the walls, including windows, and lower the ceiling as low as possible.

Equipment

For the production of humus at home, it is enough to build boxes for the substrate, purchase working tools, scales, plastic bags, and a sealing machine. You can adjust the temperature and humidity manually according to the readings of measuring instruments.

industrial production biohumus requires more serious investments in equipment:

  1. Rack installation for backfilling of humus with worms.
  2. Drip irrigation system.
  3. Crusher.
  4. Mechanical sieve for screening humus.
  5. Packing equipment.
  6. Devices for measuring and controlling the microclimate in the room and the substrate.
  7. Shovels, buckets, carts.
  8. Tractor with trailer for moving large volumes of manure.

If you additionally engage in the production of water extract from biohumus, then the cost of equipment will increase several times. Manufacturing technology involves the use of extractors, equipment for fermentation and purification of the product.

Raw materials and worms

2 main components for biohumus production:

  • manure;
  • worms.

The larger the volume planned to be produced, the more raw materials need to be purchased. That is why a highly profitable business with a low cost is possible with a farm for breeding animals or birds, where there is constant access to free manure. If raw materials are purchased from outside, then preference is given to cattle manure.

The composition of the substrate also includes compost, sawdust, hay. According to technology, before the waste becomes suitable for food for worms, they must rot for 5-6 months. To store a mass of humus, you need to equip a special site or conclude an agreement with a supplier for the delivery of already aged raw materials.

Red California worms are used in the manufacture of biohumus for the following reasons:

  1. The lifespan is 4 times longer than ordinary earthworms.
  2. The reproduction rate is 10 times higher.
  3. High disease resistance.

There are Vladimir worms bred by Russian developers, according to individual indicators superior to California. They buy worms from vermi farmers who breed them on an industrial scale.

Registration

In order to receive legal income from the sale of biohumus, it is necessary to register a business. For a small farm, a form is suitable individual entrepreneurship, large production better formalized as a society with limited liability. It is beneficial to pay taxes according to a simplified scheme.

Biohumus production does not require special permits or licenses. When concluding sales contracts with shops and farms, you will need a quality certificate for the products.

Sales

The main difficulty in business planning is to establish a constant sale of fertilizers. The target audience very extensive:

  • private farms;
  • state agricultural enterprises;
  • crop nurseries;
  • flower shops;
  • fisheries;
  • greenhouse owners;
  • summer residents.

Biohumus is usually sold in plastic bags weighing 1 kg, 5 kg, 10 kg, 20 kg. The easiest way is to sell products through a wholesale network, it is enough to find one or two buyers of large lots. You can open a point in the market, create an online store.

In order to inform buyers about the advantages and benefits of biohumus, it is necessary to create a package with a text printed on it, which will indicate the characteristics of the fertilizer, the rules of use, and the expected yield.

Also, do not forget about advertising in specialized magazines, newspapers, the Internet. In many settlements agricultural fairs and exhibitions are held, it is imperative to take part in them with samples of finished products.

Video: biohumus production technology.

Economic calculations

To estimate the amount of necessary investments in the production of biohumus allows the cost calculation for the launch of the project. Calculations are given for business development at home from 20 tons of own raw materials:

№ expenditures Amount, rub.
1 Room preparation 60 000
2 Equipment 120 000
3 Worms, substrate additives 30 000
4 Selling costs 20 000
5 Other costs 10 000
Total 240 000

For six months, while the worms will produce humus, you need to pay for utilities. In winter, the cost of heating is a large part of the costs.

Average market price in retail network for 1 kg of biohumus is 15 rubles, wholesale - 7 rubles / kg. Worms are bought in packs of 30 rubles. for 50 pcs. Also, if there is demand, it is possible to sell earth mixtures based on vermicompost. Calculation of the annual income from the sale of produced fertilizer and:

For the first year of operation of the farm, the invested funds will pay off in full, the profitability of the business is 100%. It is possible to increase profitability by increasing production volumes. In this case, the farmer will have to hire assistants, include wages and taxes in the estimate.

Any business in agriculture is associated with many difficulties, vermicultivation is no exception. It is economically profitable to produce organic fertilizers only at a low cost, which is possible if you have your own raw material base.

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