Research work that pigeons love. Research work "Studying the relationship of man to pigeons

Nomination " Children's project in primary school"

If you ask yourself what kind of birds we see on the streets of the city most often, the answer will be unambiguous - pigeons. Most of them are easy to tame and are not afraid of humans. But living with these birds literally side by side, we do not see pigeon chicks. In the flock, everyone is the same size, so what the chicks look like and what they do until they are fully grown is a mystery to many.

Problem question:Why on the streets of the city, where there are so many pigeons, we never meet their chicks?

Objective of the project: find out if pigeons have chicks, and if so, why we don’t see them.

Project objectives:

1. Conduct a survey (questionnaire) among adults and children.

2. Study the materials of the library and Internet resources.

3. Watch the pigeons.

4. Create a calendar "Unusual pigeons".

Hypothesis: I assumed that there are no small pigeons and they are born immediately as adults.

Object of study: pigeons.

Project participants: children, parents.

Implementation period: one year.

Research methods:study of literature;conducting a survey;own observations.

Project description

After conducting a sociological survey, I confirmed my assumptions. 80% of respondents have not seen pigeon chicks, 40% think they exist, but have never seen them, but everyone wants to know where they are hiding.

From additional literature, we found out that there are approximately 300 species of pigeons. These birds live in all parts of the world except for extremely cold areas, but most species live in tropical climates.

In Christianity, the dove symbolizes the holy spirit, purity, peace, baptism, good news. The Bible says that Noah sent a dove in search of dry land after the flood, which then brought an olive branch. Having become a symbol of peace, the dove is depicted as a monument in many cities of the world, it is installed in 33 cities.

Pigeons are heroes. With the word hero, we have an image of a brave man who saved many lives. Unfortunately, not many people know that our feathered friends, pigeons, were also heroes. In wartime, they carried out complex assignments and often risked their lives. Most famous bird became a dove named Commando. In 1945, the pigeon received a medal for his courage. And in 1946, the dove Soldier JOE was awarded for saving thousands of lives.

Conclusion: my hypothesis is not Confirmed, chicks exist! And there are explanations for the fact that we do not see them.

First, pigeons build their nests in places resembling caves and rocks. In nature, pigeons are inhabitants of mountains, rocks and steep banks. They settle in places inaccessible to those who like to taste game - cracks and caves, where they place nests, incubate eggs and feed chicks. City pigeons easily adapt to settlements, since buildings and structures remind them of natural conditions and allow them to settle in places inaccessible to humans and predators. In cities, they nest on rooftops, under window sills, under bridges.

Secondly, the chicks do not leave the nest for up to six weeks, until they grow up. At the age when the chicks fly out of the nest, they are absolute copies of their parents, but smaller. Another difference is that up to 8 months the plumage of chicks does not have a characteristic metallic sheen, as in adults. Teenage pigeons can be recognized by hyperactive behavior, pestering other pigeons (begging for food). Even adolescents can be found mostly near the nesting site.

Project "The Secret of the Pigeons Revealed"

Municipal educational institution

MOU "Peschanovskaya secondary school"

Research work
dove life

Completed:

2nd grade student

Shishlin Nikita

Supervisor:

Shchurikhina A.V.
2011

Purpose of the study: learn as much as possible about the life of pigeons.

Research objectives:

• 
  read popular science and fiction literature about pigeons;
• 
  watch pigeons;
• 
  draw conclusions from the work done.

Plan

Introduction

1. 
   pigeon breeds
2. 
   pigeon breeding
3. 
   pigeon feeding

Conclusion
I became interested in the life of pigeons.

Many people in our village keep pigeons. My friend has a large dovecote, so I often observe the behavior of these wonderful birds. Therefore, before getting pigeons, I decided to learn more about them.

People brought out such breeds: flying - they rise high into the sky, it is very interesting to watch them.

There is a breed of fighting - they are very beautiful,

they have feathers on their feet.

E There are carrier pigeons, they exist for many, many years, they have been known since ancient times. They carry letters across the seas and oceans. This breed of pigeon is very hardy, it happens that they do not eat for a whole week, but carry letters to their destination.
E there are decorative pigeons: peacocks, they have a beautiful, peacock-like tail; blue - this breed of pigeons was bred in the city of Uryupinsk, therefore they are also called Uryupinskiye.
FROM The Uryupinskiye are beautiful, stately, with a Sorochinsk pattern, birds of domestic selection. They are very popular not only in our country, but also abroad. Blue Uryupinsk pigeons are unpretentious to the conditions of detention, fly for a long time and at high altitude, are prolific, caring parents.

Uryupinskie - pigeons with a shake (the neck twitches near the head), the legs are strongly feathered, the eyes are pink, with narrow eyelids.
R they say that in his homeland, in the Olshanka farm in the Volgograd region, the famous military leader Sergey Matveyevich Shtemenko, almost in uniform with a whistle and a “makhlushka”, chased pigeons with his friend, and the general’s personal driver kept signaling in the car: “It’s time to go, comrade general! About love S.M. Shtemenko to pigeons is known to many. Once, the deputy chief of the General Staff, and later the chief of staff of the troops of the countries participating in the Warsaw Pact, chased pigeons in Dobrinka, more than once sent a helicopter specially for them to the city of Uryupinsk, and kept a huge dovecote at his Moscow dacha.

Thanks to General S.M. Shtemenko and his assistant, Uryupin Vadim Churikov, the local pigeon breed, the Uryupinskie, was recognized in Europe. It is believed that Churikov took our pigeons to Poland and Germany, where they won gold medals at exhibitions. Shtemenko himself also appreciated the "blue" or "blue-colored", "blue-haired" as a smart bird and, in the words of pigeon breeders, strict - do not sit on someone else's roof.

Pigeons breed very quickly. The female lays one egg, and another one a day later, so as not to lose the ability to fly. The female and male incubate the eggs for about 15 days.

The pigeon pierces the shell with its beak and comes out of it. The male then removes the shells. The female and male gorge themselves to feed the pigeon. They feed him like this: they burp gruel into his beak. The gruel goes to the pigeon in the goiter. He is there and digests it.

After about a month, the baby flies off the nest, begins to peck at the grains and drink some water.

Soon the chick “goes outside” and takes its first steps on the ground. He pecks sand, pebbles, grains. Somewhere else in a month it starts to fly, gets used to a new place.

It is very interesting to watch the pigeon as it adapts in life.

The life of flying pigeons is interesting and exciting. They rise up, it happens, above the clouds and fly until the evening. The Pigeon family, or Pigeons, includes 285 living species, 6 species have been exterminated.

In the fauna of Russia, 12 species have been noted, of which 10 species have been reliably proven to nest.

Purpose: To study the features of the lifestyle and reproduction of rock pigeons at home. Tasks: To select literature on the issue of breeding and caring for pigeons. Use in the work materials found on the Internet on the topic of research. Conduct a survey among the residents of the village about breeding pigeons. Find out how people treat pigeons. Observe the habits of birds, what kind of food they prefer, how they breed; Bring out a pigeon at home; Learn to love and admire them;

Problem (why the study was done) Pigeons came to me by accident. What conditions do they need to create, how does mating occur? I could not answer these questions, but I really wanted to. Relevance: Keeping pigeons for breeding, increasing numbers and just as an exciting hobby has been and remains a common activity among adolescents, especially in countryside. The main research methods were: viewing books and studying special literature, interviews with experienced breeders, experiments, observations of pets, description of the results obtained and comparison.

Research methodology: 1. Determine the species of the pigeon by the determinant 2. Study the peculiarity of their structure according to various sources. 3. Visit the dovecote every day and observe: 3.1 what food I prefer 3.2 how to distinguish a dove from a dove 3.3 how doves create a family; 3.4 how chicks develop; 3.5 age-related changes in pigeons; 3.6 Importance of feather cover for birds Laboratory work Investigation of the effect of oil on bird feather Equipment: bird feathers, beaker with water, test tube with oil. Progress. Pour oil into a glass of water and lower the bird's feather. How has the structure of the pen changed? Compare a clean feather and a feather contaminated with oil. Trying to wash the oil off the feather with water is the only remedy for birds. 4. Draw conclusions

species affiliation. Taxonomy: Order: Columbiformes (Columbiformes) Family: Columbidae (Columbidae) Genus: Pigeons (Columba) Species: Rock dove (Columba livia) Birds with a dense massive body. The legs and neck are short, the wings are long and sharp. The beak is rather short, the nostrils are covered from above with leathery caps.

Table 2. Results of the experiment to identify the food preferences of the pigeon. n / p Proposed food product 1 day 2 day 3 day 4 day 1 Seeds ++ 2 Oats +++ 3 Millet + 4 Peas + 5 Earthworms Scattered 6 Colorado beetles 7 White bread (crumb) + 8 Apple slices (small)

My observations on the life of pigeons. Day 1 - I have a pair of wild rock pigeons. Day 5 - The pigeon began to care for the dove, which means the pigeons were mating. Day 12 - The dove laid the first egg, the second egg will be laid by the dove in an hour. Day 14 - Dove with dove begin to incubate eggs. They incubate them in turn, if a dove during the day, then a dove at night. Day 20-My dad and I look at 6-7 days after incubation, whether a fertilized egg or not. Day 27 - We have a new offspring. Day 30-Our little pets got a little stronger.

3.5 Age changes in pigeons. Stages of development Age Feeding chicks with goiter milk up to 6-8 days Beginning of plumage development 6-7 days Complete warming up 9th day Complete plumage of chicks 30 days Start of flight On the day First molt 7 weeks Beginning of the first cooing 2-2.5 months

Table 2 Change in the weight of a pigeon chick Age of the chick (in days) Weight of the chick (in grams) In terms of growth, pigeons rank first among all domestic birds. After 1 month, the young pigeons were already dressed in the first plumage and were slightly inferior in weight to their parents.

Conclusions: 1. People have different attitudes towards pigeons. 2. Cereals are preferred from the feed ration. 3. Keeping and breeding pigeons is easy. 4. In our temperate climate, pigeons can breed not only in spring, but also in summer. 5. Optional and minor physical and material costs you can breed a new breed of pigeons or improve quality characteristics already existing breed of pigeons.

Recommendations for the use of work by students Use the materials of this work to illustrate the meaning of birds in nature and in human life. The biology teacher should use this work in the lessons on the topic “Class of Birds.”. The young pigeon breeder should use the work of breeding pigeons as a practical guide.

1. Barkhanova G.I. Pigeons. "Phoenix", "Selyanochka" portal for farmers 3. article "Let's talk about pigeons" 4. damir "All about pigeons" 5. Kozlov M A textbook Biology Animals Grade 7-8 M .: Education, Dolgintseva Yu. Pigeons. RESPEX, Oil Spills and Living Organisms Author: Peter H. Albers, Literature

The dove is the bird of my city.
Research project.

Introduction 3
1. General information about the pigeon. four
2. Interesting facts about the pigeon. 5 - 6
3. City pigeons. 7-8
4. Birdwatching. 9
5. Organization and conduct of the experiment. ten
6. Conclusion. eleven
7. List of used literature. 12

Introduction.
Pigeons and people. The dove is so familiar that sometimes we do not notice it. He, like other birds, has a beak, neck, head, torso, tail, wings, paws and the body is covered with feathers (Fig. 1).

Figure 1. The appearance of a pigeon.
The dove tries to be closer to the person. Why? Probably from us he is waiting for warmth and attention. Maybe we should try to establish contact with this community, take a step towards it. For this, I tried to learn more about the bird.
The study of the pigeon, I began by asking questions that interest me.
Pigeon - what kind of bird is it?
What order of birds does it belong to?
How is it different from other birds?
How many types of pigeons exist in nature?
What does it eat?
What is the life expectancy?
What is the flight speed of a pigeon?
What is the weight?
How does he take care of his offspring?
Do writers write about pigeons?
Are there monuments dedicated to this bird?
1. General information about the pigeon.
Pigeon - [ Download file to view link ] semi-domestic and wild. (Ushakov's dictionary)
According to rough estimates, there are more than 800 breeds of pigeons in the world, most of them are decorative. About 200 breeds are bred in our country, many of them exist only in Russia. Pigeons are conditionally divided into four groups: (Fig. 2)
13 SHAPE \* MERGEFORMAT 1415 Figure 2. Classification of pigeons.
Each breed has its own flight style. Some rise in circles to a great height and circle for several hours, others immediately go up and seem to stand in one place for hours. And there are those who tumble in flight over their heads, falling down, or, as lovers say, “knocking out a pole”, go up.
No less popular among bird lovers are decorative pigeons. When breeding these breeds great importance attached to the beauty of plumage and the original appearance. For example, peacock (trumpeted) pigeons attract attention. They got their name because of the rich plumage of the tail. When caring for a dove, the male throws his tail over his back, spreading it like a fan.
I also learned about how a wild pigeon cooes - a klintukh. In old parks, in the crowns of large deciduous trees, one can sometimes hear a low, unhurried, repeated sound “ub-ub-ub-ub-ub” several times in a row. About another representative of the pigeon family - the common turtledove, I read that with her “turbling” she declares herself everywhere. Her voice is a soft and unhurried “turr-turr-turr”, performed with a certain rhythm and emphasis many times in a row.
Interesting bird facts.
5 thousand years ago, domestic pigeons were already known in ancient Egypt.
The dove is the hero of many ancient legends and ritual actions.
According to legend, the god of war Mars did not fight because a dove made a nest in his battle helmet. The formidable warrior did not dare to destroy the bird's nest, and the war was prevented. From that moment on, the dove became a symbol of peace and friendship, and among the ancient Jews - love and morality.
In Palestine, young turtledoves were sacrificed to the gods.
Pigeons are cruel. And if in dogs the winner licks the one who surrenders, then these meek birds can beat the vanquished to death with blows of their beaks.
Well-trained carrier pigeons can reach speeds of up to 60 - 70 kilometers per hour. The height of their flight in bad weather is 100 - 150 meters, in good weather - 300 - 350 meters. They withstand a sports distance of up to 500 - 600 kilometers.
The radius of departure of pigeons from the dovecote in search of food reaches 40 kilometers.
The resulting pigeon couples are strong and do not collapse in case of any family troubles (with the exception of the death of one of the spouses).
This bird is flocking, that is, it keeps in groups, often of impressive size.
In Paris, England there are monuments to this bird. This happened in 1942. The British submarine was damaged by fascist planes, and she was forced to sink to the bottom. Death seemed inevitable. Two pigeons lived on board the submarine. Notes were attached to the paws of the birds indicating the coordinates - the location of the boat, they were placed in a special capsule, which was thrown out through the torpedo tube. The dove died during the storm, but the dove managed to fly to the base. And help came. For this subspecies, the dove was awarded the highest military award of Great Britain and immortalized in the form of a bronze bird. However, this monument is a sign of gratitude and respect to all 200 thousand winged signalmen who "served" in the British army during the Second World War.

Monuments Monument
"To doves and caring hands of man"
(located in Turkey)

This year Ufa hosted the SCO-BRICS summit. During this summit, which brought together representatives of many countries, a fundamental turn was noted in the affairs of strengthening peace between peoples and the need to unite the efforts of all countries to maintain peace and stability. In many countries participating in the SCO and BRICS, it is the pigeons that are an integral part of the creation of peace and creation. So, on September 3, 2015, celebrations were held in Beijing in honor of the 70th anniversary of China's victory in the war of resistance to Japanese aggression and the end of World War II. The grandiose parade of troops was completed by the symbol of peace: white doves rose into the blue of the sky. The Dove of Peace by Pablo Picasso is a drawing that has played an important role in the political symbolism of peace supporters.
Famous artists depict them on their canvases.
PICASSO Pablo
(full Pablo Ruiz y Picasso)
french painter,
Spanish by origin.
(drawing "Dove of Peace", 1947).
3. City pigeons
Descended from wild rock pigeons crossed with pigeons different breeds, from which they inherited a variety of colors. In the cities you can meet the rock pigeon. It is similar to the rock dove, but is well distinguished by a white stripe on the tail, noticeable during takeoff. This species is very trusting of humans. Birds settle in attics and eaves of houses, rest on roofs and feed on what people throw, seeds of wild plants, due to lack of food, sometimes they peck the remains of vegetables and fruits in landfills.
In spring, the birds form pairs. Sometimes they arrange tournaments: they beat each other with wings and peck at an opponent.
There are only two eggs in the clutch. (fig.3)

Figure 3. Dove laying.
Incubation lasts 17 days. At the same time, the female sits on the eggs from 16 pm to 10 am, then the male replaces her, and she sets off

refresh and relax. (fig.4)
Figure 4. Caring parents.
The chicks are born naked and blind. (fig.5)

Figure 5. Pigeon chicks.
Up to 10 days of age, parents feed them only with "Bird's milk". At the age of 25-30 days, pigeons are already quite independent.
4. Birdwatching.
My further research went through the observation of birds in their natural environment.
The purpose of the observation: to find out if there are pigeons in the city, in what places they live.
Object of observation: pigeons.
Equipment: For this, I determined the observation route, which began from Ayskaya St., 72
The results of the observation, issued in the form of table No. 1.

No. p / p
Watchpoints
Feature of the place
Number of birds observed
Peculiarities

1
Aiskaya 72
sewer manholes
6
people fed

2
Ayskaya 76
Stop
10
Many people
2 sick birds

3
Aiskaya 78
Stop
9
people fed

4
Kharkovskaya 116
Big store
3
1 bird with a wounded leg

5
Kharkovskaya 118

sewer manholes
25
3 birds with injured legs

6
school path
Road to school
sewer manholes
11
people feed

TOTAL: 64 6 patients
Table 1. The result of monitoring the distribution of birds in the microdistrict.

Conclusion: the pigeon is found in those places where it is warm (sewer manholes), stops, near shops, therefore, where there are a lot of people. This means that birds need people, they expect help and attention from them.

5. Organization and conduct of the experiment.
Purpose: to find out what kind of food pigeons prefer.
Experimental object: pigeon.
Place of experiment: 72 Ayskaya St. (manholes)
Equipment: different kinds feed: sunflower seed, pumpkin seed, white bread, rye bread, apple slices, orange slices.
During the week, at the same time, the birds were offered different foods, which were given at the same time (in different piles). I fixed which of the feeds the bird eats first. I showed the result in the form of table No. 2.
No. p / p
Suggested food item
Food eaten first

1.
sunflower seed
+
+
+
+
+

2.
pumpkin seed
+
+
+
+

3.
White bread (crumb)
+
+
+

4.
Rye bread (crumb)
+
+

5.
Apple pieces (small)
-

6.
slices of orange
-

Table 2. Results of the experiment to identify the food preferences of the pigeon.

Conclusion: most of all, pigeons prefer sunflower seeds, pumpkin seeds are in second place, bread is 3rd and 4th, but pigeons remained indifferent to fruits.
6. Conclusion.
Studying reference, popular science literature, I was able to learn a lot about the pigeon interesting facts. Through my observations in nature and experiment, I was able to establish that pigeons need attention from humans.
This is not the end of my study of the pigeon. The next stage of my work is the development and production of a leaflet in which I will tell my classmates how to care for and care for a pigeon.

7. List of used literature.

B.E. Raikov, M.N. Rimsky-Korsakov "Zoological excursions" M .: "Topical" 1994
Encyclopedic Dictionary of a Young Naturalist. M.: "Pedagogy - Press"
Birds of fields and forests. M .: Terra - Book Club. 1998
Singing birds. M .: Terra - Book Club. 1998

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Pigeon species

Sports
(postal)

Decorative

Flight
(racing)

13 Embed PBrush 1415

Pigeon EggsRoot Entry