Presentation “Natural pantries of Karelia. Amazing Karelia Natural resources of Karelia presentation
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Journey through the country of Karelia Northern pearl of Russia Shipilina V.D.
On the left, in the west, Karelia borders on Finland. In the east Karelia - with the Arkhangelsk region, in the south - with the Vologda and Leningrad regions. And if we go to the north, then we will get beyond the Arctic Circle, and then to the Murmansk region. Neighbors of Karelia
Symbolism of Karelia Flag Coat of arms Green - nature and vegetation Blue - the color of lakes and rivers of Karelia Red - the color of strength, courage and courage of the people Gold - the color of supremacy, greatness and wealth The central element of the coat of arms is the figure of a bear. The bear was especially revered by the Karelians. At the top of the coat of arms is an eight-pointed golden star, a symbol guiding star people. Shipilina V.D.
Nature of Karelia and climate Half of the territory of Karelia is forests. And a lot of lakes and rivers. There are many stones in Karelia - traces of an ancient glacier. Winters are quite mild, but summers are cool. Shipilina V.D.
Paws and hooves: who can be found in the Karelian forests Bears are the owners of the Karelian forests. Wolves are another familiar and rather dangerous forest inhabitants, today there are not so many of them in Karelia. In the forests in the south of the republic live the largest wild cats in Europe - lynxes. These rather cute at first glance animals are armed with long and very sharp claws. Various animals live on the territory of Karelia, many of which are listed in the Red Book. Shipilina V.D.
Nature of Karelia There are a lot of coniferous trees in Karelia, where you can find spruce, which is more than 170 years old. Birch grows in Karelia, it has always been highly valued by the people, because of its beauty and special strength. You can also find many berries there: cloudberries, blueberries, blueberries, lingonberries, cranberries, and many different mushrooms Shipilina V.D.
The largest reservoirs of Karelia Onego (Lake Onega) is the second largest in Europe. On the banks of the Onega is the capital of Karelia - Petrozavodsk. Ladoga (Lake Ladoga) is the first largest in Europe. Ladoga is a lake with a cool character, fogs and storms are not uncommon. Belomorye (White Sea), also called the "Bay of Serpents", because of its shape. The so-called northern whale, the beluga whale, lives here. Shipilina V.D.
Fins and tail: who can be found in the Karelian lakes Seals. It seems that they are very slow, because on land they crawl awkwardly from place to place, sighing heavily. But once in the water, seals become very fast. In Karelia, we can meet several representatives: Ringed seal, or ringed seal lives in the White Sea all year round. There is also the Ladoga ringed seal in Lake Ladoga. At the beginning of winter, herds of harp seals come to the White Sea. It enters the White Sea for fattening, and sometimes another large sea animal winters in it, a toothed whale - a beluga whale. Shipilina V.D.
Embroidery in Karelia In Karelia, as well as throughout Russia, the ability to embroider was a must for every woman. In Zaonezhye, for example, girls' ability to embroider was equated to boys' literacy. Ancient embroideries have survived to this day - towels, valances, countertops, details of folk household and festive costumes. Shipilina V.D.
National cuisine of Karelia Kalitki is a national Karelian dish. Karelian women say "The gate asks for eight." This means that eight ingredients are needed to bake wickets - flour, water, curdled milk, salt, milk, butter, sour cream and filling. The Karelians grew turnips in huge quantities, they prepared compotes, kvass from it, baked casseroles and added it to cereals. Dried turnip was the favorite delicacy of little Karelians. Shipilina V.D.
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AMAZING KARELIA visual aid in geography grade 8 Prepared by the teacher of geography MBOU "Secondary School No. 25 of Salair" Chepainova E.G.
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Flora of Karelia The pearls of Karelian forests are relict pine forests. Upstairs, pines are rustling, below are lingonberry and blueberry bushes. In such forests, a white mushroom is not a rare guest. In contrast, spruce forests are dark, mysterious. So it seems that a bear is standing behind that Christmas tree and sniffing at strangers ...
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Karelian forests and forest-tundra are rich in berries. Blueberry. Named for the color of the berries and their coloring properties: they blacken the mouth and hands.
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Cloudberry. It grows in moss swamps in the tundra and in the forest. This is the northernmost berry. It is believed that the berry got its name from the word "morozska" - blooming in the cold, during spring frosts.
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Cranberry Creeping shrub 15-30cm long. Northern peoples store this berry until the next harvest in wooden barrels filled with water.
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Sundews are carnivorous insectivorous plants found in the swamps of Karelia. The sticky substance of the leaves paralyzes insects. After catching an insect, the leaves close, digest food (usually for several days), and then reopen. This is how plants eliminate nutrient deficiencies in poor marsh soil.
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Yagel - deer moss. It's actually not moss, but lichen. It grows very slowly, 3-5 mm per year. Good food for reindeer.
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White nights come in the Arctic Circle. At this time, evening twilight turns into morning and darkness does not come. Beyond the Arctic Circle, the white nights precede the polar day. On a white night in the house you can read without turning on the lights.
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Aurora Borealis This is really a sparkling multicolored light in the sky. A typical aurora borealis looks like a shining curtain, iridescent blue-green lights with splashes of red and pink. The northern lights occur on Earth, but are caused by processes occurring on the Sun. In Karelia, polar lights are not only in winter, but also in early autumn.
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The Republic of Karelia is the land of lakes and rivers! Completed by: student of MAOU Lyceum No. 21 4 "B" class Orchikova Tatyana Classroom teacher: Lyubov Vitalievna Naumycheva
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Have you been to Karelia, Where the grasses spread like a carpet, And where the lakes turn blue in the distance, Shimmering with silver. Where the waves of the boundless Ladoga are flying to the shore in bulk, The waterfalls tell us about unsolved mysteries. Where the bronze pines stood like an impenetrable wall... Have you ever been to Karelia? Not? So travel with me! I.I. Shishkin. Balaam. A.I. Kuindzhi. Ladoga lake.
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The Republic of Karelia is located in the northwestern part of Russia, in the taiga - a zone of coniferous forests. Western side of Karelia on the border Russian Federation and Finland. In the east, Karelia borders on the Arkhangelsk region, in the south - on the Vologda and Leningrad regions, in the north - on the Murmansk region. It is washed by the White Sea in the northeast.
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Flag of the Republic of Karelia The flag of the Republic of Karelia consists of three equal horizontal stripes - red, blue and green. The red color in it symbolizes the spilled blood, Blue - the Karelian rivers and lakes, Green - the forests of Karelia.
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Coat of arms of Karelia The coat of arms of the Republic of Karelia is a shield of the Varangian type. Against the background of the flag of Karelia, an angry, black bear standing in profile is depicted. The golden frame of the shield is an image of spruce and pine. At the top of the shield is an eight-pointed golden star, symbolizing eternity, prosperity and happiness.
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Anthem of the Republic of Karelia Composer: A. Beloborodov. Authors of the text: Armas Mishin and Ivan Kostin Native land - Karelia! Ancient wise land. Fraternal tribes are one family, Karelia! Ring, lakes, and sing, taiga! Native land, you are dear to me. High on your hills I stand And I sing a song for your glory. Native land - Karelia! You are forever given to me by fate. Hello forever, my country, Karelia! Heroes of epics among the forests and mountains They still live on our land. Go, song! Kantele, sing louder In the name of the holy Karelian land! Native land - Karelia! Runes and epics melody alive. I see your radiant dawn, Karelia! I see your radiant dawn, Karelia!
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The city of Petrozavodsk is the capital of the Republic of Karelia In 1703, the great Russian Tsar Peter I created a factory in these parts to melt cannons. The city of Petrozavodsk is located on the shores of Lake Onega.
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Sights of the Republic of Karelia Karelia is popular among TOURISTS There are 27 thousand RIVERS and about 60 thousand LAKES on the territory of the Republic of Karelia. This is the FIRST RESORT in Russia, founded in 1719. decree of Peter I
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A section of the lower Suna River, now dehydrated by the construction of a dam. In this area, once there were grandiose rapids-waterfalls Girvas and Poor-threshold. Until now, only the Kivach waterfall (10 m) has survived, which is now the second largest flat waterfall in Europe. Waterfall Kivach
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The highest point of western Karelia is Vottovaara. Another name for the mountain is "Death Mountain". This mountain keeps many secrets: numerous "seids" ( stone structures), bizarre trees, a stone pool, circular masonry of stones, a staircase “cut down” in the rock. Vottovaara is the most mysterious mountain in Karelia.
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Lake Ladoga is the largest freshwater lake in Europe. Located on the territory of Karelia and Leningrad region. 32 rivers flow into Lake Ladoga, and only one flows out of it - the Neva. Many rivers connect Ladoga with other lakes, so through the Svir River - with Onega. The lake is rich in islands. These are the famous Ladoga skerries - the most beautiful necklace of islands, which are separated by straits and channels.
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Valaam - the largest ISLAND in Lake Ladoga - historical and architectural natural museum reserve. The village of Valaam and the Valaam Spaso-Preobrazhensky Monastery are located on the island. The monastery is one of the main shrines of Orthodoxy. The history of its origin goes back to the 1st century, when Andrew the First-Called visited Valaam.
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Natural wonders of Karelia: Ruskeala marble canyon. In Karelia, in the village of Ruskeala, on the banks of the Tokhmajoki River, there is a mountain park "Ruskeala". The main attraction of this park is the amazingly beautiful marble canyon. Stretched in length for almost 500 meters and a width of 100 meters. The Tokhmajoki River is one of the largest tributaries of Lake Ladoga. It has many rapids and waterfalls. The largest of them is the Ahvenkoski waterfall. The name of the waterfall is Finnish, but among local residents There is a name "waterfall at the three bridges."
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Lake Onega is considered the second largest in Europe after Ladoga. Almost fifty rivers carry their waters to Lake Onega, and only one flows out of it - the Svir River. There are more than 1.5 thousand islands in Lake Onega. On the shores of the lake there are several dozen marinas, as well as ports.
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Kizhi Island is the main attraction of Lake Onega. The State Historical, Architectural and Ethnographic Museum-Reserve is called “Kizhi”. There are 89 monuments of wooden architecture on its territory. The center of the island is the Kizhi churchyard, consisting of the summer 22-domed Church of the Transfiguration of the Lord, the winter 9-domed Church of the Intercession of the Virgin and a hipped bell tower. It is amazing that all this was built without a single nail. Kizhi Pogost is included in the UNESCO World Heritage List.
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- National language - Russian.
- The Republic is a multinational subject of the Russian Federation. It is home to 213 nationalities.
- According to the materials of the All-Russian population census of 2002: Russians - 76.6%; Karelians - 9.2%; Belarusians - 5.3%; Ukrainians - 2.7%; Finns - 2.0%; Veps - 0.7%.
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Geographical position
The Republic is located in the north-west of the European part of Russia, between the White Sea, Ladoga and Onega lakes.
The length of the territory from north to south is 650 kilometers, from west to east - 250 kilometers.
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Geology
There are 175 deposits of 24 types of minerals in Karelia. Mica, feldspar, quartz, facing stone, as well as various Construction Materials- granites, diabases, marbles.
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The woods
Most of the territory of Karelia (85%) is occupied by the state forest reserve. The total stock of growing forest resources of all types and ages is 807 million m³. Mature and overripe forest stock totals up to 4118 million m³, of which 3752 million m³ are coniferous forests.
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Hydrology
A quarter of the territory of the republic is the water surface
There are about 27,000 rivers in Karelia
There are also about 60,000 lakes in the republic. Ladoga and Onega are the largest lakes in Europe.
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Ladoga lake
Refers to the Baltic Sea basin of the Atlantic Ocean.
The area of the lake without islands is from 17.6 thousand km² (with islands 18.1 thousand km²
35 rivers flow into Lake Ladoga, and only one - the Neva - originates. In the southern half of the lake there are three large bays: Svirskaya, Volkhovskaya and Shlisselburgskaya bays.
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Lake Onega
- The second largest lake in Europe after Ladoga.
- The area of the lake without islands is 9690 km², and with islands - 9720 km².
- About 50 rivers flow into Lake Onega, and only one flows out - the Svir.
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Waterfall Kivach
Waterfall on the Suna River in Karelia.
The height of the waterfall is about 11 meters (moreover, the water falls from several ledges). The Kivach waterfall is the second largest flat waterfall in Europe. The picturesque landscape attracts tourists.
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Climate
The climate is transitional from maritime to continental and is distinguished by long, but relatively mild winters and short, cool summers.
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Religion
Currently, there are 194 religious organizations in the Republic of Karelia, representing 18 confessions and movements. Believers are mostly Christians.
Geographical position The republic is located in Northern Europe, in the northwestern part of Russia, washed by the White Sea in the northeast. The main relief of the republic is a hilly plain, turning in the west into the West Karelian Upland. The glacier, retreating to the north, greatly changed the relief of Karelia; moraine ridges, lakes, Kama, lake basins appeared in many. highest point Republic of Karelia Mount Nuorunen.
Climate The climate is mild with an abundance of precipitation, changing in the territory of Karelia from maritime to continental. Winter is snowy, cool, but usually without severe frosts. Summer is short and cool (in the northern regions), with large quantity precipitation. Even in June, frosts sometimes occur in the republic. The heat is rare and occurs for two or three weeks in the southern regions not every year. In the northern regions, the heat is extremely rare, and no more than a few days.
Fauna The fauna of Karelia is relatively young; it was formed after the Ice Age. In total, 63 species of mammals live on the territory of the republic, many of which, for example, the Ladoga ringed seal, flying squirrel and brown eared ear, are listed in the Red Book. On the rivers of Karelia, you can see the huts of European and Canadian beavers. The Canadian beaver, as well as the muskrat, the American mink are acclimatized representatives of the fauna North America. The raccoon dog is also not a native inhabitant of Karelia, it comes from the Far East. Since the late 1960s, wild boars began to appear, and roe deer enter the southern regions. There is a bear, lynx, badger and wolf. 285 species of birds live in Karelia, of which 36 species are listed in the Red Book of Karelia.
Fauna The most common birds are finches. There is upland game hazel grouse, black grouse, white partridges, capercaillie. Every spring geese come to Karelia from warm countries. common predator birds: owls, hawks, golden eagles, marsh harriers. There are also 40 pairs of rare white-tailed eagles. There are only 5 species of reptiles on the territory of the republic: common viper, already, godwit, viviparous lizard and agile lizard. Insects are practically invisible in winter, but in summer there are a lot of midges: mosquitoes, midges, midges and horseflies of many species: real horsefly, lacewings, raindrops, deer horsefly, gray horsefly. Ticks are widespread in the south of the republic. In Karelia, you can meet a rare swallowtail butterfly.
Flora as well as fauna, vegetable world Karelia was formed relatively recently 1015 thousand years ago. Coniferous forests predominate, pine forests to the north, both pine and spruce forests to the south. Main conifers: Scotch pine and Scotch spruce. Less common are Finnish spruce (north of the republic), Siberian spruce (east). Small-leaved species are widespread in the forests of Karelia, these are: downy birch, warty birch, aspen, gray alder, some types of willows
Rivers and lakes In Karelia, there are about rivers, of which the largest are: Vodla (length 149 km), Kem (191 km), Onda (197 km), Unga, Chirka-Kem (221 km), Kovda, Shuya, Suna with a waterfall Kivach, Vyg. Also in the republic near the lakes. Together with the swamps, they account for about 2000 km³ of high-quality fresh water. Ladoga and Onega are the largest lakes in Europe. Other large lakes of Karelia: Nyuk, Pyaozero, Segozero, Syamozero, Topozero, Vygozero, Yushkozero.
