CNC vertical milling machine. Modern metal milling machines - types, features, purpose Location of components

Milling equipment is a whole class of devices that are used for processing flat surfaces, cutting splines and teeth, creating profiles and drilling holes. With the help of such equipment you can perform work like woodworking or polymer material, and for various metals.

The cutter is installed at a certain angle and vertically milling machines widely used in production for processing automotive parts, furniture assembly items, construction products and other items. Such devices are distinguished by ease of design, performance and versatility of use.

Design and purpose of a vertical milling machine

Structurally, vertical milling machines are divided into two categories:

Console machines. They are equipped with a working surface, which is rigidly fixed to the body and can move along guides and vertical slides relative to the spindle.

Machines without console. With their help, you can process large-sized workpieces, the process is performed at high speed. The design has an automatic guiding system, the spindle has a high-speed structure and runs vertically.

Vertical milling machine for metal

Milling work on metal requires high strength in the lateral part of the drilling, so machines designed for such actions are distinguished by carbide parts and high electric drive power.

The basis is a frame that accepts load-bearing loads; a spindle is located on the axis in a vertical projection. Also, in most cases, machine tools for metal processing have a console, workpiece clamps and a feed box for the speed of movement of the part. Some models do not have a console; a number of machines are equipped with CNC: they usually cost more.

Vertical wood milling machine

For processing wooden workpieces, special machines can be used, which are compact, have good performance, low price and functionality.

In such devices, the spindle is installed vertically; in some models it has a movable structure for tilting the workpiece. The cutter can be replaced without special tools. Most woodworking machines have an electric motor and require a 220 or 380 V connection.

Modern models may differ in milling speed, maximum size the workpiece, the quality of processing of the wooden surface. Wood machines can also be used when working with plastic, polyamide, plastic and other lightweight materials.

CNC vertical milling machines

Many models are equipped with CNC – a mechanism that makes it possible to control basic processes in real time and provides the most accurate and convenient control.

Such machines have the following advantages:

relatively small dimensions;

high quality processing, excellent precision;

productivity, possibility of high-speed processing of materials;

ease of setup;

unpretentiousness in maintenance.

Models and technical characteristics of vertical milling machines

When choosing equipment, first of all you need to pay attention to the design, power, dimensions and additional operating options of the machine. On modern market you can find vertical milling devices of various types, including in the small and medium price segment. Vertical milling machines are produced by both domestic and foreign companies.

Machine 6р10

The 6р10 machine is a universal type milling machine, which is equipped with a rotating head and is suitable for small-scale and single-piece production of parts. The model is not different high level noise in operation, good wear resistance of rubbing elements, optimal accuracy indicators. The finished surface of the workpiece after processing corresponds to roughness index V6.

Machine 6р11

In appearance, the 6р11Э machine belongs to cantilever structures. It is used for processing steel blanks, cast iron, various types of metals, as well as hard plastics. The equipment allows you to give the workpiece a surface with a roughness of up to V5, and can work at different speeds at the desired angle. Good power and a competent drive system provide good results productivity.

Machine 6р12

Model 6р12 is used for processing metal and cast iron workpieces mainly using end and face mills, creating grooves, flat edges, frames and corners. The machine is suitable for creating curved parts and processing surfaces of non-standard shape. The device is characterized by great power and rigidity, due to which it is possible to use high-speed steel cutters.

Machine 6р13

The 6р13 device also has a cantilever structure and is equipped with a copying device for working with non-standard workpieces and a rotating spindle head. The model is suitable for the production of one-piece items and small-scale production of products. Finished parts comply with accuracy class H.

Machine 6t12

Model 6t12 has a powerful electric motor, a large working surface area, and can operate in manual, jog and automatic mode. Such equipment can process almost any type of material and workpiece.

Machine VM 127

The VM 127 machine is used to work with metal and steel parts, as well as cast iron elements. The equipment is used both among private craftsmen and professional workshops; it allows processing planes, grooves, gears, and splines. The work cycle can be automatic or semi-automatic.

Machine 6m13p

The 6m13p machine belongs to the category of high-precision electrical devices; it can work with a high-speed cutter of high rigidity. The equipment is used for small- and large-scale production; it allows processing parts by drilling and milling, creating gear rings and wheels.

Machine 6n11

Equipment 6n11 has work surface 25 by 100 cm, equipped with a 4.5 kW main drive motor, used for processing non-ferrous and ferrous metals.

Distinctive features of the 6n11 machine:

high accuracy;

performance;

ease of maintenance.

FSS 400 machine

FSS 400 machines are suitable for single and serial use. With their help, you can carry out up and down milling, automatically lower the part and ensure high quality results. Such a machine can be controlled from a special pendant control panel.

Machine FSS 450 mr

FSS 450 mr devices, produced in Belarus, are suitable for working with cutters of various shapes and purposes. They can be used to process steel, alloys and pure metals, cast iron. Most often, such machines are used in small-scale and medium-scale production.

Where and at what price can I buy a vertical milling machine?

You can purchase such equipment on the Internet or from direct suppliers. The cost is determined depending on the brand, functionality and purpose. Thus, vertical milling devices for wood cost 50-90 thousand, for metal – up to 200-250 thousand, and universal models cost up to 300 thousand rubles.

Manufacturers and suppliers of vertical milling equipment

The most popular machines on the market are HAAS, Hannsa, SMD, TAKISAWA, DMTG, Triumph, as well as Simbirsk equipment. Companies such as Abamet, kmt-stanki.ru or VseInstrumenty.ru offer profitable terms for wholesale purchases and cooperate with workshops in various cities and regions of the country.

Modern vertical milling machines are demonstrated at the annual exhibition "".

The milling process produces parts various shapes and sizes. The most common version of a metal milling machine is the version where the spindle is located vertically. Such equipment began to be called vertical milling machines.

Cantilever vertical milling machines are made on the basis of horizontal milling machines with slight modifications to the gearbox and frame.

The stage of development of machine tools before the advent of CNC

All machines can be divided into two groups:

A group in which setting operating modes, feeding and other actions are carried out by a person.
A group of metal processing machines, the operation of which is fully or partially automated using a numerically controlled unit.

Vertical spindle milling machines without CNC have been used for several decades. The following models have become the most popular: 6Т12, 6М12П, 6Р12, 6Р12Б. These representatives of the group of milling machines were very common in former USSR. Only after the superiority of CNC from an economic point of view and other characteristics was proven by calculations and in practice, these metal machines began to be replaced with new ones. However, 6P12 can be found in almost all large machine-building plants.

If you carry out short description characteristics of this equipment, we can highlight the following features:

They process almost all metals and alloys, including cast iron. According to this indicator, the limitation is the resistance of the cutting tool used to abrasion and destruction when processed under the specified operating modes of a certain type of material.
similar design: the presence of a milling head, table, slide, spindle, bed.
reliability and unpretentiousness are qualities that determined the popularity of the above machines. At the time of production, these machines were exported to many countries around the world.
With the help of them you can carry out milling, drilling, boring. In addition, we note the appearance of a mechanism for rotating the head at an angle of 45° relative to the table. This feature made it possible to create elements that are located relative to the base plane at a certain angle.

Kinematic diagram of the 6N12 cantilever milling machine

A distinctive feature of the equipment is the ability to use certain indicators of processing characteristics: feed rate, tool rotation speed, etc. In addition, all models differ in table size. This indicator determines the ability to process workpieces of certain sizes and weights.

In the decoding, the first number means a group of milling machines, the next letter means the modernization of the main model, the second number means a subgroup of vertical milling machines, and the last number is the size of the table. Other characteristics can be found in the specification.

Console and non-console models

The main difference between all vertical metal milling machines is the presence or absence of a console. Almost all modern CNC versions are of the console type. However, previously quite popular were demons console machines the following reasons:

The absence of a console meant that the base for the table was the floor of a factory or a concrete slab.
The use of a floor or a concrete slab as a base for the slide led to a significant increase in the rigidity of the structure and to its reduction in cost.
Increasing the rigidity of the structure made it possible to process large and heavy parts.

Cantilever type milling machine

However, due to the fact that the table base cannot be taken into account in the created machining programs, the machining accuracy was significantly less than that of models with consoles. That's why the number software control They are extremely rarely installed on machines of this type.

Vertical milling machines in the information technology era

The operating principle of the metal milling machines under consideration determined the low mobility of the spindle head (this was carried out only for adjustment purposes). Milling of flat surfaces is carried out by changing the position of the table with a rigidly fixed workpiece relative to the original coordinate. It is this feature that causes low processing accuracy.

All processes, from setting cutting modes to controlling the position of the table, are controlled by the milling operator. The human factor determines the high percentage of defects by modern standards, as well as deterioration in productivity.

Touching upon the productivity indicator, we note that when designing machines several decades ago, the possibility of using cutting tools made from superhard material, and many models do not have a coolant supply system (coolant lubricant). Therefore, when using such machines, it is also impossible to increase productivity.

Vertical milling machines 6T12, 6M12P, 6R12, 6R12B were manufactured at factories in the USSR. For many years now, these factories have ceased to exist, and other representatives of the machine tool industry do not produce the models in question due to economic unprofitability.

Modern vertical milling machines

Despite the undeniable advantage of introducing CNC, mechanically controlled vertical milling machines are still produced, for example, JET JVM-836 TS. In their design and production it is used modern equipment, which made it possible to achieve high accuracy of posing of all structural elements, its rigidity, and this had a beneficial effect on the indicator of possible accuracy achieved during milling. In addition, almost all structural elements began to operate from electric drives. An exception is the table and spindle feed drives, which are of the mechanical type (however, they are duplicated with an electric drive to be able to set a constant feed rate).

CNC versions deserve special attention, for example, the Haas TM-2 machine. Application modern technologies made it possible to make almost the entire process automated (after entering the program and securing the workpiece, operator intervention is not required before it is removed). The description of such milling complexes includes the following characteristics:

Working at high spindle speeds, using high feed rates, spindle movement in two planes, high speed positioning together with process automation make it possible to obtain high-precision parts in minimal time.
Complex coolant supply system and chip removal from the cutting zone.
Maximum protection for others.
Possibility of milling along complex trajectories.

If we consider the issue of advantages and disadvantages, the characteristics of modern metal milling machines with a vertical spindle, it is worth indicating certain models, since they have many differences and the descriptions have different content. Their only common disadvantages, which are inherent in almost all versions, can be considered high cost and short guaranteed service life, and if problems occur, it is extremely difficult to find a specialist (and the cost of repairs can also be high).

In conclusion, we note that the metal milling machine shown at this point, despite its complex design, belongs to the vertical milling group, since the spindle is located in the vertical plane. The cost of this model is about $50,000, it is capable of creating finished parts with one relocation, that is, the workpiece must be rearranged once so that it is possible to process the surface that was the base during the previous milling stage.

You may also be interested in the following articles:

Vertical drilling machines: classification and characteristics
Metal milling machines Horizontal milling machines for metal

A vertical milling machine is designed for the manufacture of complex parts of various configurations. The spindle with the cutting tool of such milling machines is located in a vertical plane, and during the milling process, if necessary, rotates around its axis, milling at different angles relative to the workpiece.

Thus, vertical milling machines are characterized by fairly high versatility, since workpieces made of carbide metals, as well as many other materials, are well suited for milling by such machines.

The CNC vertical milling machine is capable of driving milling work simultaneously in the longitudinal and transverse directions using the movement of the slide and table, as well as vertically due to the movement of cutting tools.

For milling production high-precision single products, as well as for small serial production CNC milling machines are optimally suited.

CNC vertical milling machine

CNC vertical milling machines have a number of advantages for small and medium-sized industries:

the rigid, heavy design of milling machines allows for precise processing of workpieces;
the CNC vertical milling machine is a high-speed, reliable, accurate, powerful unit;
high-quality CNC computer program ensures automatic control machine;
vertical milling machines are characterized by high productivity.

Cantilever vertical milling machines

Using vertical cantilever milling machines, you can effectively process grooves, corners, frames, as well as inclined and horizontal surfaces. Cantilever milling machines They are distinguished by the presence of a cantilever element that moves in the vertical direction and carries the desktop. A special feature of a cantilever milling machine is that basically, on such a milling machine, cantilever plates with tables with workpieces rigidly fixed to them move intensively.

The spindle with the cutting tool on such a machine is in a relatively static state. CNC cantilever milling machines are designed for serial production of parts with curved shapes and complex configurations in small and medium-sized production environments.

The drive power and rigid design of the vertical milling machine ensures that its vertical milling tool is capable of efficiently processing carbide metals. The vertically operating spindle can be rotated relative to the working plane of the cantilever fixed table at any angle. This makes cantilever machines quite universal units that are capable of solving complex problems of precise processing of workpieces from various materials.

Vertical cantileverless milling machines

On vertical milling machines without a console, the cross table is installed on a fixed frame. A feature of such machines is that the table moves exclusively in the longitudinal and transverse directions. The advantage of vertical non-cantilever milling machines is the milling of large and heavy workpieces on such machines.

Work on such milling machines is carried out with a vertical spindle very smoothly due to the automatic switching of continuously variable gears. CNC machines without a console produce vertical processing of parts efficiently, quickly and silently.

It is impossible to imagine a cantilever milling machine, as well as a vertical milling machine, without dividing heads. The vertical position of the spindle implies periodic rotations of the workpiece, which are processed on a manual milling machine or on CNC machines. Such dividing heads provide rotation while the milling tool is working.

CNC milling machines

A manual milling machine is significantly different from a CNC machine. CNC milling machines are distinguished by a high level of automated control over the production process. The use of such a CNC machine significantly speeds up the processing of workpieces, increases work efficiency and reduces the negative impact human factor. A CNC machine is capable of producing complex parts of any curved configuration, moving along three axes.

A milling machine of various purposes and designs can be easily selected using the Internet. electronic catalog LLC "Lazerkat" company. Our specialists are always ready to provide comprehensive information regarding any machine.

In addition, the company’s managers will help you choose the most suitable one for specific production tasks milling machine at the best price. The company "Lazerkat" offers certified high-quality machines with a guarantee, service and possible delivery.

Milling machines are a type of equipment used for processing various materials by milling. With its help, operations such as:

cutting of material;
cutting grooves;
production of gears and gears;
and other operations that essentially require the removal of starting material from the surface of the workpiece.

A striking example of a part made by milling, as mentioned above, is a gear.

When processing a workpiece on a milling machine, the working tool (cutter) rotates, which distinguishes it from lathe, in which the part rotates. A metal milling machine is equipment that allows you to process workpieces from various types of metals and alloys, which is difficult to replace. At Promo you can buy milling machines to work with any size of workpiece: from small milling machines to machines for processing large parts. Any size: from a small machine for home and individual use to large-sized milling cutters for small-scale production.

Vertical milling machine for metal

The most popular in its class is the vertical milling machine. It is named vertical because of the particular location of the spindle. Characteristic differences of this type of equipment are:

possibility of processing any metals and alloys. Naturally, it is necessary to take into account the strength of the cutting tool.
standard design that facilitates repair and maintenance of equipment;
due to the relatively simple design, brought to perfection during use, high reliability and unpretentiousness;
a wide range of processing types: boring, drilling, milling. Moreover, after the introduction of a rotating head, it became possible to manufacture parts with an inclination of up to 45 degrees relative to the plane of the table.

Vertical milling machines for metal can be without a console (without console) or with it (cantilever-milling). The latter are characterized by the presence of a console on which the table is located, moving horizontally and vertically, and also allowing the workpiece to be rotated relative to the processing plane. To ensure high precision and processing speed in mass production, CNC vertical milling machines are provided.

Universal milling machine

Universal milling machines are a development of vertical milling machines. They differ in that they include a rotary table, which allows you to install the workpiece at the required angle to the tool. At the same time, there are its varieties: a universal vertical milling machine and a universal cantilever milling machine. You can buy a universal metal milling machine from Proma.

The presence of an additional head in which another cutter is fixed is a sign of a highly versatile milling machine. Moreover, it can be used both simultaneously with the main one and separately from it. Such machines are indispensable in the manufacture of parts of complex shapes. Some types of such equipment do not have a console panel: instead there is a movable column on which the carriage is movably mounted.

The Promo company delivers machines to any region. New machines have a 12 month warranty.

Vertical milling machines are one of the most common types of industrial machine tools. According to their design, mechanisms are divided into two types, console and non-console. Each type has different technological capabilities and is manufactured taking into account a specific technological focus. The main task set for these mechanisms is to perform metalworking work of a wide profile. Taking into account the design features of this equipment, it is possible to perform complex work with parts in the horizontal and vertical plane, bore internal surfaces, and produce shaped surfaces. Milling machines with a vertical console are designed for processing products and workpieces with various types of cutting tools. Shape, face and end mills are used as the main equipment on the machines. Technically, vertical milling devices allow for drilling, marking and countersinking of workpieces.

Features of the machines

Some models used in production do not have a console as the main structural element. The housing for vertical machines is equipped with a massive base and has increased strength and stability. The main components and assemblies are given additional rigidity, with the help of which high processing accuracy is achieved when performing serial work. The head is also a gearbox and moves freely vertically within a certain range. Axial movement of the head is carried out together with the cartridge and sleeve. The versatility of machines of this design lies in the wide possibilities for changing the position of the head and the availability of additional equipment.

Performance production process, quality of execution terms of reference depends on the power of the electric motor and functionality. Desktop equipment, semi-professional industrial mechanisms, and a number of other models are designed for different operating conditions. In each individual case, the device is ready to demonstrate its advantages, has necessary resource and technical parameters.

The presented samples are designed for factory use and are used for work in repair shops. Each product meets the necessary safety standards and has fairly high accuracy parameters. Specifications The presented machines meet high technological standards. Each model has the required electrical protection class.