Morality and moral standards. Associated with all spheres of public life

Please help with social studies

The very concept of "morality" comes from the word "nature", which means "mental-volitional qualities of a person." The main purpose of moral culture is to be a regulator of human relations.

Man exists in society, i.e. in the environment of his own kind, and therefore, enters into a certain communication with them. All types of interactions between people are regulated in one way or another. This regulation is carried out by the system social norms.

Morality as a set of certain norms and rules of conduct, speaking on behalf of common interests, ultimately ensures individual interests. Of course, the rules of conduct always contain a certain restriction on the freedom of individual actions. But, being recognized as necessary, they become a prerequisite for the free choice of the most expedient behavior from the point of view of society and the individual.

Unlike other types of social norms that operate in society (for example, rights), morality relies on informal sanctions. But no matter how deep social needs morality is generated and no matter how numerous groups it is supported, in the end, it manifests itself in individuals: in their consciousness, activities and relationships that make up the moral world of a person, the degree of his moral culture.

The scope of the moral culture of the individual includes moral feelings (shame, compassion, etc.), moral consciousness (the totality of knowledge and ideas about good, evil, duty, honor, decency, responsibility), moral habits, moral deeds.

(Adapted after B. Sveshnikov.)

2. Plan the text. To do this, highlight the main semantic fragments of the text and title each of them.

3. What is the difference between morality and other types of social norms noted by the author? Illustrate this difference with two examples.

4. How do you understand the phrase: “The main purpose of moral culture is to be a regulator of human relations”? Give two explanations using the content of the text.

5. Based on the content of the text and social science knowledge, confirm with two arguments (explanations) the author's opinion that morality is manifested in individuals.

6. At the lesson, the students discussed the problem of human freedom. They came to the conclusion that morality and other social norms make a person more free than the absence of any norms. Explain the conclusion of the students. Give a piece of text that can help you explain.

General information
Morality(from lat. moralis - moral) - morality, a special form of social consciousness and a type of social relations (moral relations). One of the main ways to regulate human actions in society with the help of norms. Unlike simple custom or tradition, moral norms receive an ideological justification in the form of ideals of good and evil, due, justice ... Unlike law, the fulfillment of moral requirements is sanctioned only by forms of spiritual influence (public assessment, approval or condemnation). Along with universal human elements, morality includes historically transient norms, principles, and ideals. Morality is studied by a special philosophical discipline - ethics.

Morality:

manifested through a system of norms, rules and assessments. Such as the rules of etiquette, etc.
ideas about what is good and evil in the actions of people and human society.
Norms and assessments of the behavior of individuals, social groups and society as a whole, based solely on the power of public opinion
a set of norms that determine human behavior in society and are based on public opinion
The sphere of public consciousness, in which ideas about proper behavior are concentrated
A form of social consciousness that performs the following functions:

a) regulator of public relations

b) the regulator of relations between people

Parable: Creating the human race, the gods took care of it with truly divine generosity: they gave reason, speech, fire, abilities for craftsmanship and art. Everyone was endowed with some kind of talent. Builders, blacksmiths, doctors, etc. appeared. Man began to get food, make beautiful things, build dwellings. But the gods failed to teach people how to live in society. And when people got together for some big deal - to build a road, a canal, fierce disputes broke out between them, and often the case ended in a general collapse. People were too selfish, too intolerant and cruel, they decided everything only by brute force... And the threat of self-destruction hung over the human race. Then the father of the gods Zeus, feeling his special responsibility, ordered to introduce shame and truth into people's lives. The gods were delighted with the wisdom of the father. They asked him only one question: how to distribute shame and truth among people? After all, the gods bestow talents selectively: they will send the abilities of a builder to one, a musician to another, a healer to a third, and so on. And what to do with shame and truth? Zeus replied that all people should have shame and truth. Otherwise, there will be no cities, no states, no people on Earth...

Moral requirements and ideas Norms of behavior Moral qualities Moral principles Moral and psychological mechanisms Highest moral values Do not lie Do not steal Do not kill ... Goodwill Justice Wisdom ... Collectivism / individualism Egoism / altruism ... Duty Conscience The meaning of life Freedom Happiness ...

The world of existence The world of proper principles of real practical behavior of people the degree of assimilation by the individual of the moral values of society and practical adherence to them in Everyday life a specific sphere of culture in which high ideals and strict norms of behavior are concentrated and generalized, regulating the behavior and consciousness of a person in various areas public life MoralityMoral

Stages of the formation of the moral culture of the individual Conscience "What will I think of myself?" Autonomous self-regulation Adults Shame, honor "What will they think of me?" Public opinion conventional Children Infantile adults Fear, fear of punishment “What will they do to me?” Obedience and imitation elementary For whom the main motive of moral behavior is characteristic What is the basis of Formed morality

Man is the likeness of God, has the highest sacred value. Spiritual (moral-universal) Each person has equal rights and freedoms and duties. Implementation of the "Golden Rule of Morality". Humanistic (pro-social) Indifference to those who do not belong to the group Group-centrism Striving for one's own convenience, benefit, prestige. Consumer attitude towards others Egocentric Behavioral traits Level of morality

Do you agree with the statement: “Sometimes it happens that someone is a good citizen, but at the same time he does not have the qualities by which one could recognize him as a good person: hence it follows that the qualities good man and a good citizen are not the same. K.Tossi

Spiritual and moral commandments of academician Dmitry Sergeevich Likhachev: Love people - both near and far. Do good without seeing merit in it. Love the world in yourself, not yourself in the world. Be sincere: by misleading others, you are deceiving yourself. Learn to read with interest, with pleasure and slowly; reading is the path to worldly wisdom, do not disdain them! Be a believer - faith enriches the soul and strengthens the spirit. Be conscientious: all morality is in conscience. Honor the past, create the present, believe in the future.

Time has not erased these concepts. You just need to lift the top layer. And smoking blood at the throat Eternal feelings will gush out of us. Now, forever and ever, old man, And the price is the price, and guilt is guilt, And it's always good if the honor is saved, If the back is securely covered by the spirit. We take purity, simplicity from the ancients, Sagas, we drag fairy tales from the past Because good remains good In the past, future and present. V. Vysotsky. "Ballad of Time"

Literature: Social science: a textbook for 11 cells. educational institutions: profile level / ed. L.N. Bogolyubova. - M .: Education, 2010 Social science. Workshop. Grade 11: manual for educational institutions: profile level / ed. L.N. Bogolyubova. - M.: Enlightenment, 2008 Sorokina E.N. Pourochnye developments in social science. Profile level: 11th grade. - M.: VAKO, 2009

Image sources: resourses/Lihachev-zapovedi.htmhttp://resourses/Lihachev-zapovedi.htm F1E7B9505A68D9FE.jpghttp://estb.msn.com/i/6A/3E376EE7F65287 F1E7B9505A68D9FE.jpg oldpaper jpghttp://img.photo.tut .ua/uzhgorod/593/16531/ oldpaper jpg

Lesson 79-80

Social studies 11, profile level

Morality and Morality

D.Z: § thirty, ?? (p.325), assignments (p.325-326),

source (p.326-327)

give an idea about the spiritual world of the individual;
Develop the ability to search for information, analyze, draw conclusions, rationally solve cognitive problems and problematic tasks, disclose on examples the most important theoretical provisions and concepts of the social sciences and humanities, participate in the discussion work with documents;
form respect for the spiritual world of each person.

Universal learning activities

Know the concepts: morality, morality, moral culture
Develop moral judgment skill social behavior of people.

moral culture;
morality;
moral;
ethics;
good and evil;
duty;
conscience;
honor and dignity of the individual;
moral ideal;
ethical categories;
moral resistance

Learning new material

Moral guidelines of the individual.
Moral culture

Remember. What is the place of morality in the system of social norms and values? How is moral regulation different from legal regulation? Can a person with a low level of moral culture be considered a personality?

Ethics

A specialized philosophical science that explores a holistic theoretical consideration of the moral life of society in the system of its various manifestations.

IN ancient india, Ancient China the philosophical dimension revealed the socially significant meaning of the moral and immoral deeds of a person.

Ethics explored the structures and mechanisms of preparation and adoption of moral decisions by specific individuals, revealed the influence on the level, nature and direction of these decisions of the individual's self-consciousness. Core subject of ethics MORALITY .

Man has two worlds -

One who created us.

Another that we are from the century

We create to the best of our ability.

N. Zabolotsky.

The appearance of the inscription - automatically after the first mouse click (with a delay for reading lines).

"Only two things in the world able to disturb our imagination: starry sky above us and the moral law within us. I. Kant

What did the poet of the 20th century and the philosopher of the 10th century want to express in their thoughts? VIII- early X I X in.?

Parable:

Creating the human race gods took care of him with truly divine generosity: gave reason, speech, fire, abilities for craftsmanship and art. Everyone was endowed with some kind of talent. Builders, blacksmiths, doctors, etc. appeared. Man began to get food, make beautiful things, build dwellings. But the gods failed to teach people how to live in society.. And when people got together for some big deal - to build a road, a canal, fierce disputes broke out between them, and often the case ended in a general collapse. People were too selfish, too intolerant and cruel, they decided everything only by brute force... And the threat of self-destruction hung over the human race.

Then the father of the gods Zeus feeling its special responsibility, commanded to introduce shame and truth into people's lives.

The gods were delighted with the wisdom of the father. They asked him only one question: how to distribute shame and truth among people? After all, the gods bestow talents selectively: they will send the abilities of a builder to one, a musician to another, a healer to a third, etc.

But what about shame and truth?

Zeus replied that shame and truth should have all people . Otherwise, there will be no cities, no states, no people on Earth. . .

What eternal universal values and why did God give man?

MORALITY

Formed with the emergence of human society

Associated with all spheres of public life

Form of social consciousness

Cultural-historical phenomenon, class

The subject of study of ethics

MORALITY

estimated

aspect

Informative

aspect

regulatory

aspect

The freedom of man, his ability to choose between good and evil is called moral choice.

Morality is a set of norms approved by public opinion that determine the relations of people in society, their obligations to each other and to society.

Do not lie

Don't steal

Don't kill

Meaning of life

freedom

Happiness …

benevolence

Justice

Wisdom

Norms

behavior

Moral

quality

higher

moral

values

Moral

requirements and

representation

Moral

principles

Morally-

psychological

mechanisms

Duty

Conscience

Collectivism / individualism

Egoism/altruism

THE ROLE OF MORALITY

One option

Regulates

behavior

person in

all areas

public

life

Provides

unity And

consistency

interactions

people at

various

circumstances

Is an

vital

landmark for

human,

aspiring to

self-improvement

Forms

moral

appearance

personality,

moral

consciousness

Moral norms and requirements stimulate the development of moral views, beliefs, feelings, which together form moral consciousness.

Controlling human actions

Regulatory

Affirmation of the human in man

Another variant

Value-

orientational

Coordinating

Functions

morality

Unity and coherence of people's actions

Motivational

constitutive

Formation of the moral character of the individual

Immorality is unacceptable

Functions of morality

estimated - consideration of actions in the coordinates of good and evil (as good, bad, moral or immoral);
regulatory - establishment of norms, principles, rules of conduct;
controlling - control over the implementation of norms on the basis of public condemnation and / or the conscience of the person himself;
integrating - maintaining the unity of mankind and the integrity of the spiritual world of man;
educational - formation of virtues and abilities of correct and justified moral choice.

Give examples of the real manifestation of each function of morality!

Positive consolidation of moral norms in individual consciousness

moral convictions

as accepted

moral principles

Apply to manifestations of your behavior!

Moral

principles real practical people behavior,

specific sphere of culture , in which high ideals and strict code of Conduct regulating human behavior and consciousness in various areas of public life

the degree of assimilation by the individual of the moral values of society and practical adherence to them in everyday life

world of existence

The world of due

Moral- the degree of assimilation by the individual of the moral values of society and the practical adherence to them in everyday life, that is, the expression of the human in a person. Morality is the level of real moral behavior of people.

Moral - set of norms approved by public opinion,

determining

people relations

in society, their

duty friend

in front of a friend and in front of

society

Ethical (moral) categories - these are the fundamental concepts of morality, reflecting the events of life in terms of the most general moral assessments.

duty

dignity

conscience

happiness

honour

moral ideal

moral choice

Duty

the totality of a person's obligations to society at the level of public opinion (consciousness),
at the level of individual consciousness - the individual's understanding of these duties and acceptance of them.

the demand for debt is the moral basis social discipline.

Conscience

the ability of the individual to an emotional assessment of the actions committed and performed by her, correlated with the idea of \u200b\u200bthe proper. Conscience is the "guard post" of society in the individual consciousness.

manipulation of personality is possible only if conscience is turned off .

Honor and dignity

Categories of honor and dignity personalities reflect the recognition of the value of a person based on the presence of certain required traits: nobility, readiness for selflessness, a certain restraint and observance of rules in relations with other people, adopted by that or other reference group.

Happiness

The category of happiness captures the experiences of a person who is satisfied with his activity, his position and the prospects that open up.

moral ideal

The idea of a perfect system of moral norms, values embodied in the activities and behavior of the individual

Moral culture of the individual:

- the degree of perception by the individual of the moral consciousness and culture of society;

- realization by a person in his behavior moral principles, values, norms.

Factors that determine the level of moral culture:

The teacher organizes the discussion, only after it is completed, the points of the plan are displayed on the slide.

General culture
social interests
Goals of life and activity
The degree of moral feelings, empathy
Wealth and variety of life connections and interests of the individual

Stages of formation of the moral culture of the individual

Find out which stage you are in!

Difficulties in the implementation of the moral ideal (reasons):

Low general culture of people;
Different social groups have different fundamental interests and goals of their life and behavior;
Egoistic group and individualistic ideals and goals make general social tasks and interests recede into the background or disappear altogether;
Paralysis of empathy;
social mimicry.

Spiritual and moral commandments of academician Dmitry Sergeevich Likhachev:

love people - both near and far;
do good without seeing merit in it;
love the world in yourself, not yourself in the world.
be sincere: by misleading others, you are deceived yourself;
learn to read with interest, with pleasure and slowly;
reading is the path to worldly wisdom, do not disdain them!
be a believer - faith enriches the soul and strengthens the spirit;
be conscientious: all morality is in conscience;
honor the past, create the present, believe in the future!

V. S. VYSOTSKY.

"Ballad of Time"

Time has not erased these concepts.

You just need to lift the top layer.

And smoking blood at the throat

Eternal feelings will pour out of us.

Now forever, forever and ever, old man,

And the price is the price, and the wine is the wine,

And it's always good if the honor is saved,

If the back is securely covered by the spirit.

We take purity, simplicity from the ancients,

Sagas, dragging tales from the past

Because good is good

Past, future and present.

The appearance of the lines - automatically after the first mouse click (with a delay for reading the lines).

test questions

What is the difference between moral principles and moral norms?
How do you understand the meaning of the moral principles of the individual?
How is morality different from morality?
What issues does ethics address?
What are the reasons for the change in the content of moral categories in social development?
What is the moral culture of the individual? How is it different from general culture?

reflection

What have you learned?
How?
What have you learned?
What difficulties did you experience?
Was the lesson interesting?

Sources

1. Social science: 11 cells. : studies. for general education institutions: profile. level. / [L. N. Bogolyubov, A.Yu. Lazebnikova, A.T. Kinkulkin and others]; ed. L. N. Bogolyubova [and others]; Ross. acad. Sciences, Ross. acad. education, publishing house "Enlightenment" .- 8th ed. - M.: Education, 2014. - 432 p. - (Academic school textbook) ISBN 978-5-09-032479-3

2. Social science. Workshop. Grade 11: a manual for general education. institutions: profile level / L.N. Bogolyubov, Yu.I. Averyanov, N.I. Gorodetskaya and others/: ed. L.N. Bogolyubov. - M.: Enlightenment, 2008

3. Krayushkina S.V. Tests in social science: grade 11: to the textbook “Social science. Grade 11, ed. L.N. Bogolyubova and others / S.V. Krayushkin. - M .: Publishing house "Exam", 2012

5. Sorokina E.N. Lesson plans for social studies. profile level. Grade 11 (to the textbook, edited by L.N. Bogolyubov). – M.: VAKO, 2013

6. Zinina S.A., teacher of history and social studies, secondary school No. 43, Volgograd, http://prezentacii.com/obschestvoznanie/6077-moral-i-nravstvennost.html;

7. Timofeeva T.A., teacher of history and social studies "MBOU No. 16", http://infourok.ru/user/timofeeva-tatyana-aleksandrovna/progress

8. Pavlova A.V., teacher of history and social studies, secondary school No. 12, Vyshny Volochok http://metodichka.ucoz.ru/load/istorija_i_obshhestvoznanie/prezentacii/prezentacija_k_uroku_obshhestvoznanija_quot_moral_i_nravstvennost_quot_dlja_11_klasa_profil/7-1-0-136